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Numbers 6:22-27 - The Blessing

CCEA Wednesday Night

May 28, 2025

Introduction

Do people see Jesus?  Is the gospel preached? Does it address the person who is: Empty, lonely, guilty, or afraid to die?  Does it speak to the broken hearted? Does it build up the church? Milk – Meat – Manna Preach for a decision Is the church loved? Target 3300 words   Video = 75 wpm

Pray for the pastors’ retreat

 

I want to talk tonight about a passage that has words that will seem very familiar to most of you. My hope is that by the end of our time together, you will have a new appreciation of these words, and that perhaps I might give you a tool that will help you in your life. Do you know how to use a “tool”?

Play Video: “Men and Tools”

Of course, as with all tools, you do need to use them correctly for them to be helpful.

 

Stand and Read the passage

(Numbers 6:22–27 NKJV) —22 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 23 “Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, ‘This is the way you shall bless the children of Israel. Say to them:

24 “The Lord bless you and keep you;

25 The Lord make His face shine upon you, And be gracious to you;

26 The Lord lift up His countenance upon you, And give you peace.” ’

27 So they shall put My name on the children of Israel, and I will bless them.”

 

Numbers 6:22-27 The Priestly Blessing

:22 And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying:

:23 “Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, ‘This is the way you shall bless the children of Israel. Say to them:

:22 the LORD spoke to Moses

Hebrew/English translation practices

The Jewish people have a great and proper reverence for the name of God.
They won’t pronounce it today. You might hear them use the word Hashem, which means “the name”.  You might see them spell it out as G-D.
In my seminary Hebrew classes, when we saw in the text the name of God (יְהוָ֖ה, which is “Yahweh”), we were taught the rabbinic tradition of saying Adonai, which is translated into English as “Lord”.

Quick side note:  The ancient Hebrew alphabet was made up of all consonants, no vowels. After the Jews came back from Babylon, they were concerned that their descendants might forget how to pronounce the language, so they developed a system of “vowel pointings” (little dots and dashes usually above or below the letters) that guided the reader on how to pronounce the words.

When it came to God’s name, Yahweh, rather than writing the vowels for “Yahweh”, they inserted the vowels of “Adonai”. What results is something that sounds like “Ye-hoo-wah”, or as German scholars would pronounce it, “Jehovah”. In other words, “Jehovah” isn’t God’s name, but a misunderstanding of the Hebrew.

Our English Bibles will usually follow the same practice that the Jewish rabbis did.  Instead of spelling out God’s name (“Yahweh”), they will use the translation of “Adonai”, or … “Lord”. But as a way of letting the English readers know that God’s name is involved, and not the actual word Adonai, they will use all capital letters.

This is an Old Testament thing. You won’t see this in the New Testament unless you are reading a passage that is quoting from an Old Testament passage which is using God’s name.

 

All of this was to point out that God’s name, “Yahweh” is used in our passage in verse 22, 24, 25, 26.

Do you see “LORD” in all caps?

 

Note that the actual blessing (vs.24-26) involves three lines, all starting with the name Yahweh.

I think there may be a hint here about the trinity.
The name, Yahweh, translated as “LORD” can refer to all three persons of the trinity. Let me give you three references.  I’m not going to take time to dive into these, but I just want to give you the idea…

The Father is Yahweh (Ps. 110:1)

(Psalm 110:1 NKJV) The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand, Till I make Your enemies Your footstool.”

This is a famous Messianic passage by King David. David is talking about Yahweh (the Father) speaking to David’s “Lord” (the Son)

The Son is Yahweh (Rom. 10:9,13; Joel 2:32)

(Romans 10:9 NKJV) that if you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.

Paul will expand on that thought and in the same breath he adds the capper which is…

(Romans 10:13 NKJV) For “whoever calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved.”

If you look carefully at this passage in Romans, you will realize that Paul is drawing from Joel 2:32 (whoever calls on the name of the LORD shall be saved, vs. 13), and in Joel, the “LORD” is “Yahweh”

The Spirit is Yahweh (2Cor. 3:16-17; Ex. 34:34)

(2 Corinthians 3:16–17 NKJV) —16 Nevertheless when one turns to the Lord, the veil is taken away. 17 Now the Lord is the Spirit; and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty.

Again, Paul is drawing from Old Testament language when Moses was speaking to Yahweh face to face (Ex. 34:34).  But here Paul says that Yahweh is the Spirit.

(Exodus 34:34 NKJV) But whenever Moses went in before the Lord to speak with Him, he would take the veil off until he came out; and he would come out and speak to the children of Israel whatever he had been commanded.

:23 to Aaron and his sons

Aaron and his sons were the priests (cohanim) in Israel.

A priest is a “go-between”, someone who stands between a person and God.
They talk to God for that person (prayer).
They can also talk to the person for God.

Yet something happens in the New Testament, after Jesus has fulfilled the Law of Moses. Peter now writes to the church,

(1 Peter 2:9 NKJV) But you are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, His own special people, that you may proclaim the praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvelous light;
(Revelation 1:6 NKJV) and has made us kings and priests to His God and Father…
We believe the Bible teaches the “priesthood of all believers”.

You no longer need a priest to stand between you and God.

You can go to God directly because of Jesus.

God has now made US priests, priests to those around us who don’t know God.

We can talk to people about God, and we can talk to God about people.

Even though our passage is originally aimed at the Levitical priests, I think you and I can find great value in it.

 

Now to the blessing…each line has two verbs, two requests.

In the Greek translation (LXX), each verb is in the “optative”, which is used to express a request from God.

:24 “The LORD bless you and keep you;

Every time you see “you” in all three lines, it is singular.

Even though this blessing is intended for the entire nation of Israel, it is spoken over individuals.

It’s not aimed to “all of you…”, but to YOU (singular).

 

:24 bless you

blessbarak – to bless, praise

A word about “semantic range” – words can carry a range of meanings, and the job of the student is to figure out which meanings are appropriate to the text we are studying.
For example, the word “run” can refer to you moving faster than walking.  It can refer to how a business is managed. It can refer to a nose when you have a cold.
I’m going to give you several Hebrew words and phrases tonight and their meanings, and though I will try to bring out how they differ from one another, you’re going to find that some of the words overlap quite a bit in their meaning.
“making a face shine” and “lifting up a countenance” are pretty close in meaning.
“gracious” and “peace” are really quite similar.
The word “bless” in a sense can encompass all the words that we’ll look at tonight.
“kneeling” is related because typically those being blessed are on their knees.
The concept of “blessing” seems to be about asking that something happen that brings joy and fullness upon something or someone.

This word is loaded with meaning. You might see it here as an overall word that includes all the other things in what we’ll study. Here’s my working definition of “bless”:

A wish, expression, or gift that brings fullness upon something or someone
Sometimes it’s just one human giving a gift to another human.

Joshua gave a gift to his pal Caleb…

(Joshua 14:13 NKJV) And Joshua blessed him, and gave Hebron to Caleb the son of Jephunneh as an inheritance.

It can be a human giving God praise.

(Psalm 34:1 NKJV) I will bless the Lord at all times; His praise shall continually be in my mouth.

It can be God independently choosing to bless an individual.

(Genesis 25:11 NKJV) And it came to pass, after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac…

Often it’s one human asking God to do something for another human.

Before sending him away, Isaac “blessed” Jacob …

(Genesis 28:3 NKJV) “May God Almighty bless you, And make you fruitful and multiply you, That you may be an assembly of peoples;

Our passage focuses on asking God to bless people.

Lesson

1. Ask for good

Sometimes we can fall into the trap of feeling “hurt”, “offended”, or “treated unfairly”, so we might ask God to punish someone.
We can tell ourselves that we are simply praying prayers like David prayed,

(Psalm 58:6a NKJV) Break their teeth in their mouth, O God!

(Psalm 10:15a NKJV) Break the arm of the wicked and the evil man

Illustration

There was a story about a truck driver who dropped in at an all-night restaurant in Broken Bow, Nebraska. The waitress had just served him when three swaggering, leather-jacketed motorcyclists—of the Hell’s Angels type—entered and rushed up to him, apparently spoiling for a fight.  One grabbed the hamburger off his plate; another took a handful of his French fries; and the third picked up his coffee and began to drink it.  The trucker did not respond as one might expect.  Instead, he calmly rose, picked up his check, walked to the front of the room, put the check and his money on the cash register, and went out the door. The waitress followed him to put the money in the till and stood watching out the door as the big truck drove away into the night.  When she returned, one of the bikers said to her, “Well, he’s not much of a man, is he?”  She replied, “I can’t answer as to that, but he’s not much of a truck driver.  He just ran over three motorcycles out in the parking lot.”

Sometimes the people that hurt us the most can be those that we’re closest to.  Yet God has something different in mind when we are hurt.  He wants us to bless them instead of curse them.
God’s desire is that we reflect Him, and since He seeks the best, the “good” for others, so should we:
(Matthew 5:44–45 NKJV) —44 But I say to you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you, 45 that you may be sons of your Father in heaven; for He makes His sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.

When we love, bless, do good, and pray for others, we are acting like God does, like we are His children.

The truth is, God desires to do good for His people. This is part of His will. So it’s proper if we learn to bless them in prayer as well.
(Romans 8:28 NKJV) And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose.
(Romans 8:32 NKJV) He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?
Here’s where it gets tricky. When it comes to what is “good”, we may not know exactly what that is.

Sometimes we might be asking for things that “seem” good to us, but that’s not the “good” God wants.

Sometimes the “good” thing may be a difficulty that a person needs to endure in order to get closer to God.

“Good” doesn’t always mean “easy”.

So we learn to ask for “good”.

Eerdman’s Dictionary of the Bible:

Bless, Blessing
The Hebrew root brk bears a number of unrelated etymological meanings: the verbal and nominal forms of “bless”; the verbal and nominal forms of “kneel”; and a noun, “pool, pond, basin.” Even within the semantic range “bless,” brk can mean to bestow goodness or favor or to greet, congratulate, thank, make peace, worship, or praise. The qal passive participle bārûḵ, meaning “blessed,” occurs most often in the formula “blessed be …” In seven occurrences, bāraḵ is used for “curse” (e.g., Ps. 10:3); because such curses are directed against God, most scholars attribute them to scribal emendation in spite of the lack of textual evidence.
Brk is most often a relational marker, signifying the existence of some sacral, legal, or social relationship. God, angels, and humanity may bless; God, humanity, animals, and inanimate objects can be blessed. Precisely what is conveyed by the act of blessing differs depending upon both its grantor and grantee. Foremost, however, blessing is a performative utterance, or speech act, that brings good upon someone or something in contrast to cursing, which is maleficent to its recipient.
God repeatedly blesses individuals (Job 42:12), groups (cf. Exod. 32:29), and nations (Jer. 4:2), particularly Israel (Deut. 26:15), in accordance with a divine-human covenantal relationship. This idea is emphasized in the Deuteronomistic history and the Prophets through God’s conveying of blessings for covenantal obedience, as opposed to curses for covenantal breach (Deut. 27–28). Such blessings and curses would serve to enforce the provision of the law (Josh. 8:34). It is probable that the Hebrew writers modeled this covenant relationship on ancient Near Eastern suzerainty treaties. It should be noted that there is wide disagreement among scholars regarding the extent to which divine blessing has to do with salvation history rather than nature and creation as established in the primeval history. The benefactions of God are diverse and include vitality, health, longevity, fertility, land, prosperity, honor, victory, and power. God also blesses creatures (Gen. 1:22; Deut. 28:4) and inanimate objects, such as land (Deut. 26:15), dwellings (Prov. 3:33), crops (Deut. 7:13), bread and water (Exod. 23:25), work (Deut. 28:8), and the sabbath (Gen. 2:3), usually for the benefit of humanity.
Humans may also bless. While early 20th-century scholarship suggested that blessings in the ancient world held a power independent of God, the most recent scholarship concludes that God is the original source of all human blessings (Num. 6:22–27; 23:20). First, humans may bless others in their role as intermediaries for God, e.g., family heads (Gen. 9:1), leaders (Exod. 39:43), kings (2 Sam. 6:18 = 1 Chr. 16:2), prophets (Num. 23:11), priests (1 Sam. 2:20), or disciples (Acts 3:26). Such blessings may hold legal or sacral significance. A deathbed blessing from the family head serves as an irrevocable bequest of property (Gen. 27–28, 48–49). A blessing may also hold the legal status of a peace treaty when offered by a king or other in authority (2 Kgs. 18:31 = Isa. 36:16). Priests are especially important for their liturgical function (Num. 6:24–26).
Second, a human may seek to invoke divine blessing upon another, which might be offered by anyone in the more mundane affairs of life in greeting (Gen. 47:7), in parting (Gen. 24:60), between host and guest (1 Sam. 25:14), in friendship (2 Sam. 21:3), as congratulations (1 Chr. 18:10), in gratitude (Neh. 11:2), or in homage (2 Sam. 14:22). One might also bless oneself (Deut. 29:19 [MT 18]). In all such cases, the blessing denotes the presence of a relationship between the giver and the receiver that is grounded in the divine-human relationship.
Third, humans sometimes bless things. This is another aspect of the invocation of God’s favor upon humanity, which arises upon use of a blessed object. The consecration of articles of sacrifice is perhaps the most significant example of this category (1 Sam. 9:13).
Finally, humans and angels may bless God (Ps. 134:1–2; 103:20). Scholars disagree concerning the significance of this type of blessing: can it signify the bestowal of favor or goodness upon God? The answer depends not only upon one’s view of ancient Israelite theology, but also upon one’s anthropological view of the ancient Israelites regarding the magical power of the speech act itself. Later scholarship suggests that most likely brk here denotes only the acts of worship, praise, or thanksgiving (Ps. 115:17–18).
The English word “blessed” may additionally be used to translate Heb. ʾašrê (or ʾōšer, Gen. 30:13), which might also be rendered “happy.” This word is most frequently found in the blessing formula found in Psalms and Proverbs: “blessed are those …” The NT equivalent is Gk. makários, found most notably in the Beatitudes (Matt. 5).
In the NT the blessings of Jesus take on considerable importance. Jesus blesses (Gk. eulogéō) the elements of the Lord’s Supper (Matt. 26:26–28), and accordingly Paul calls the communion wine the cup of blessing (1 Cor. 10:16). Jesus also blesses the loaves of the feeding miracles (Matt. 14:19), as well as the disciples themselves (Luke 24:50–51). The blessing on those who curse and revile the followers of the Lord is another significant theme (Luke 6:28). In Paul’s writings “blessed” takes on additional meaning in that God is called blessed in the sense of being holy (Rom. 1:25).
Bibliography. C. W. Mitchell, The Meaning of BRK “To Bless” in the Old Testament. SBLDS 95 (Atlanta, 1987); R. Westbrook, “Undivided Inheritance,” in Property and the Family in Biblical Law. JSOT Sup 113 (Sheffield, 1991), 188–41; C. Westermann, Blessing in the Bible and the Life of the Church. OBT (Philadelphia, 1978).
F. Rachel Magdalene[1]
When God created man, He blessed him.
(Genesis 1:28 NKJV) Then God blessed them, and God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”
When Abram/Abraham returned from a victorious battle, he met that mysterious king of Salem (Jerusalem)
(Genesis 14:18–20 NKJV) —18 Then Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; he was the priest of God Most High. 19 And he blessed him and said: “Blessed be Abram of God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth; 20 And blessed be God Most High, Who has delivered your enemies into your hand.” And he gave him a tithe of all.

Melchizedek blessed Abraham.

Melchizedek “blessed” God.

Blessing can even flow back to God.

I think our praises and thanksgiving bring great joy to God.

(Psalm 67:1 NKJV) God be merciful to us and bless us, And cause His face to shine upon us, Selah

Its major function seems to have been to confer abundant and effective life upon something (Gen 2:3; I Sam 9:13; Isa 66:3) or someone (Gen 27:27f.; Gen 49).[2]

(Genesis 2:3 NKJV) Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because in it He rested from all His work which God had created and made.
(Genesis 26:12 NKJV) Then Isaac sowed in that land, and reaped in the same year a hundredfold; and the Lord blessed him.
(Psalm 67:6 NKJV) Then the earth shall yield her increase; God, our own God, shall bless us.
(Genesis 12:3 NKJV) I will bless those who bless you, And I will curse him who curses you; And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”

 

:24 keep you

keepshamar – to keep, guard

This word is used a lot to describe how we are to “keep” God’s ways, to obey them.
But here it carries the idea of protection, of guarding, as when God guards us.

Lesson

2. Seek His protection

Sometimes this world can be kind of scary.
Illustration
A number of years ago an old friend of ours asked us to reach out to a family member who was an alcoholic with mental issues.

Among other things, this fellow had anger and self-control issues. For awhile the guy came to our church and our people loved on him. But he went into one of his drinking binges and became belligerent and threatening to his brother and myself.

He would leave scary messages on our home phone in the middle of the night.

He even posted a death threat towards me on one of the doors to the church.

Because he also knew where we lived, there were a couple of years where we kept a baseball bat next to our front door.

I don’t know if he would have bothered me if I had been an ex-cop.

But I’m a scaredy cat. I was also concerned that either my family or people at church could become collateral damage.

So we had the police involved.  We went to court and got restraining orders.  The fellow spent a year in jail with two felonies.

I’m sure my story is pretty tame compared to what some of you have experienced, but all this to say, I’ve had a small taste of how scary this world can be.
There is a lot of evil in this world.
(1 Peter 5:8 NKJV) Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.
We have a great need for God’s protection.
(Psalm 97:10 NKJV) You who love the Lord, hate evil! He preserves the souls of His saints; He delivers them out of the hand of the wicked.

“preserves” (shamar)

The Psalms are full of promises and prayers about God’s “protection.
(Psalm 121:1–8 NKJV) —1 I will lift up my eyes to the hills—From whence comes my help? 2 My help comes from the Lord, Who made heaven and earth. 3 He will not allow your foot to be moved; He who keeps you will not slumber. 4 Behold, He who keeps Israel Shall neither slumber nor sleep. 5 The Lord is your keeper; The Lord is your shade at your right hand. 6 The sun shall not strike you by day, Nor the moon by night. 7 The Lord shall preserve you from all evil; He shall preserve your soul. 8 The Lord shall preserve your going out and your coming in From this time forth, and even forevermore.
The point is that we have to learn to ask. We need to seek His protection.
(Psalm 34:4 NKJV) I sought the Lord, and He heard me, And delivered me from all my fears.

We aren’t always going to be protected from experiencing pain or temptation, but we do seek that God be with us in the fire.

(Psalm 17:8 NKJV) Keep me as the apple of Your eye; Hide me under the shadow of Your wings,

(Exodus 23:20 NKJV) “Behold, I send an Angel before you to keep you in the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared.

(1 Samuel 26:15 NKJV) So David said to Abner, “Are you not a man? And who is like you in Israel? Why then have you not guarded your lord the king? For one of the people came in to destroy your lord the king.

(Psalm 16:1 NKJV) Preserve me, O God, for in You I put my trust.

 

:25 The LORD make His face shine upon you, And be gracious to you;

:25 face shine upon you

facepaw-neh – face, presence, before

In both Hebrew and in Greek, the concept of being before someone, or in someone’s presence is to be “in their face”.
Having God’s “face” shine on us requires us being in God’s presence, before Him.

shineowr – to be or become light

The word is in a form (Hiphil) that we call “causative”.
You could translate it this way: “May the LORD cause His face to shine light on you.”

Lesson

3. Pray for light

It’s a lot easier to see things when you turn on the light.
The other day my wife and I were looking for something that had been dropped on the floor in the bathroom. Neither of us could see it until I turned on the flashlight on my phone.  Then it was easy to see.
Illustration
A burglar had been watching a house for a few days and was sure that the people were away, so one night, he went up to the door, rang the doorbell, and upon getting no response, he picked the lock and let himself in. It was dark inside. As he turned on his flashlight, he was surprised to hear a voice say, “I see you and Jesus sees you!”, he turned instantly toward the voice and then he laughed because his flashlight revealed a parrot in a cage who once again said, “I see you and Jesus sees you!”. Now relieved, he turned on the light in the room and looking back at the bird, he again became alarmed, because below the cage was a Doberman pincher. And then, the parrot said, “Sick ‘em, Jesus!”.
 
You will see the combination of these two words (“face shining”, or “face & light”) sprinkled throughout the Scriptures.
I think it’s because the people have heard this blessing from the priests. Let me give you a taste of a few…

 

In Psalm 31, David is crying out to God because of the enemies he’s facing. Some of what David writes here is prophetic of Jesus on the cross,
(Psalm 31:5 NKJV) Into Your hand I commit my spirit; You have redeemed me, O Lord God of truth.
(Psalm 31:11 NKJV) I am a reproach among all my enemies, But especially among my neighbors, And am repulsive to my acquaintances; Those who see me outside flee from me.
The Psalm bounces back and forth from David describing his persecution, and his trusting God.  Then he utters this prayer,

(Psalm 31:16 NKJV) Make Your face shine upon Your servant; Save me for Your mercies’ sake.

Where does that idea come from? It comes from the blessing of Aaron. It’s a rephrasing of the same words.

, but instead of asking Yahweh to cause His face to shine, it’s a direct prayer, “Make Your face shine…”

David is asking God to shine light on his life and rescue him.  He’s asking for direction.  He’s asking for truth.

Sometimes the way of escape isn’t so obvious until we have more “light” in our life.

 
In Psalm 44, the psalmist is remembering how God had helped Israel conquer the land in the days of Joshua.
(Psalm 44:3 NKJV) For they did not gain possession of the land by their own sword, Nor did their own arm save them; But it was Your right hand, Your arm, and the light of Your countenance, Because You favored them.

“the light of Your countenance” is the same phrase as in the blessing.

This was one of the things God used to bring victory.

Perhaps it’s the idea of lighting up a dark path and showing the way to victory.

Or it might be a reference to that “long day” of Joshua (Joshua 10) when the sun stood still for an entire day.

 
Psalm 119 is the longest chapter of the Bible, and it’s all about God’s Word.
(Psalm 119:135 NKJV) Make Your face shine upon Your servant, And teach me Your statutes.

When God puts His light on us, He enlightens us, teaches us.

It’s as if God’s ways are written in a book, but we are sitting in a dark room. It’s hard to understand what we’re reading until someone turns on the light. But turn on the light, and we can understand.

Illustration

Charles Spurgeon told a story of a Christian who was debating another man. During the debate the Christian seemed to be absorbed in writing things down on a paper. His friends thought he was taking notes on what the other fellow was saying, but when they looked at his paper after the debate, they only found these words, “More light, Lord! More light, Lord!”

Charles Spurgeon in his lecture entitled “Light. Fire. Faith. Life. Love.” wrote this brief account of a desperate prayer for greater illumination: “I suggest to you all the prayer of a Puritan who, during a debate, was observed to be absorbed in writing. His friends thought he was taking notes of his opponent’s speech; but when they got hold of his paper, they found nothing but these words, ‘More light, Lord! More light, Lord!’ Oh, for more light from the great Father of lights!”

I think that ought to be the prayer of all of us as we study God’s Word.

It ought to be our prayer as we are walking the path of life.

(Psalm 36:9 NKJV) For with You is the fountain of life; In Your light we see light.

(Genesis 1:3 NKJV) Then God said, “Let there be light”; and there was light.

(Psalm 67:1 NKJV) God be merciful to us and bless us, And cause His face to shine upon us, Selah

(Psalm 80:3 NKJV) Restore us, O God; Cause Your face to shine, And we shall be saved!

(Daniel 9:17 NKJV) Now therefore, our God, hear the prayer of Your servant, and his supplications, and for the Lord’s sake cause Your face to shine on Your sanctuary, which is desolate.

 

When Moses was on Mount Sinai, he spent some pretty quality time with God – forty days with God.
Though Moses wasn’t allowed to see God’s “face”, he was allowed to see God’s back.
(Exodus 34:29 NKJV) Now it was so, when Moses came down from Mount Sinai (and the two tablets of the Testimony were in Moses’ hand when he came down from the mountain), that Moses did not know that the skin of his face shone while he talked with Him.

Moses’ face was shining because God had been shining on him.

Something similar happens to us when we spend time with God, in His “presence”, before His “face”.

(2 Corinthians 3:18 NKJV) But we all, with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory, just as by the Spirit of the Lord.

There is a sense in which God’s “light”, which we sometimes call God’s “glory”, changes us.  This is a work of the Holy Spirit.

(2 Corinthians 4:6 NKJV) For it is the God who commanded light to shine out of darkness, who has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

The light that God shines on us is all about Jesus Christ. It comes from Jesus’ “face”.

I think you could make the case that Peter and John experienced this. When they stood before the Sanhedrin…

(Acts 4:13 NKJV) Now when they saw the boldness of Peter and John, and perceived that they were uneducated and untrained men, they marveled. And they realized that they had been with Jesus.

One of the aspects of “light” is that it makes us face the truth.
The Greek word often translated “truth” is aletheia. It comes from the verb lanthano, which means “hidden”, and the a in front of it means “not”.  Truth is what is “not hidden”.
Learning to face the truth is how we as believers grow up.

(Ephesians 4:15 NKJV) but, speaking the truth in love, may grow up in all things into Him who is the head—Christ—

What happens when we are in God’s presence?
God’s “light” shines from His face, His presence.
(1 John 1:7 NKJV) But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin.

As we are spending time with Jesus every day, God’s light will light up those “dark” places in our lives.

We might respond to God’s light like Peter did initially when he met Jesus, “Depart from me for I’m a sinful man!”

But when something “dark” is exposed, we need to respond by bringing it to God and asking Him to help us, forgive us, and cleanse us.

We might call this “walking in truth” – the Greek word for “truth”, Aletheia, means literally “not hidden” (a-lanthano).

And that’s how we have healthy relationships with one another, as we are learning to walk in truth, not hypocrisy, in the light and allowing God to cleanse us.

 

:25 be gracious

graciouschanan – to be gracious, show favor

A working definition (from TWOT) is:
A heartfelt response by someone who has something to give to one who has a need.

In the Old Testament, it’s often translated as “mercy”.

(Psalm 41:4 NKJV) I said, “Lord, be merciful to me; Heal my soul, for I have sinned against You.”
I know that sometimes us pastors try to make a distinction between “grace” and “mercy”, but the more I study, I see the two terms nearly identical.

In the New Testament, the word most commonly associated with chanan is charis, the word for “grace

Lesson

4. We need grace

Jesus told a parable about two men going to the Temple to pray. The Pharisee was all puffed up and thanked God he wasn’t like those other “sinners”. But the other man …
(Luke 18:13–14 NKJV) —13 And the tax collector, standing afar off, would not so much as raise his eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying, ‘God, be merciful to me a sinner!’ 14 I tell you, this man went down to his house justified rather than the other; for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.”

Be merciful – (hilaskomai) – can speak of asking for forgiveness, of making things right with God, but also carries a hint at the sacrifice needed to make things right.

This man had a great need, and he’s asking Someone (God) who has much to give.  That’s a great picture of chanan.

I know that sometimes us pastors try to make a distinction between “grace” and “mercy”, but the more I study, the more I see an overlap between the two.
The more I dug into it, the less clear it became.
So I will spend a few minutes camping out on this word “grace” (xaris, xaridzomai)
(John 1:17 NKJV) For the law was given through Moses, but grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.
The Bible tells us that each of us has a fundamental need.  We are all sinners, and our sin creates a separation between us and God.
This separation is so great that we are unable to bridge it by ourselves.
God, on the other hand, has much to give to help us with our need.

God sent His Son Jesus.

Grace came through Jesus Christ.

(John 3:16 NKJV) For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life.

Jesus was that sacrifice that we needed to pay for our sins.

That’s what He was doing when He willingly died on the cross.

He came to pay a debt He didn’t owe, because we owed a debt we couldn’t pay.

We are the ones with a “need”, and He is the one with “much to give”, eternal life.

This isn’t just a message to those who haven’t yet received Christ.

Even us old Christians need grace.

I find that I still sin every once in a while.

God is kind enough to remind me that He has much to give.

Let me give you a “warning” of sorts about grace.
When you’ve tasted God’s grace, He expects you to turn around and be gracious to others.
(Ephesians 4:32 NKJV) And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you.

The words translated “forgiving” and “forgave” are the verb forms of the word for grace (charidzomai)

God has graced us.  We ought to grace others.

 

:26 The LORD lift up His countenance upon you, And give you peace.” ’

:26 lift up His countenance

countenancepaw-neh – face, presence, before

This is the same word translated “face” in the previous verse.
In verse 25, the prayer is that God’s face would “shine” or “give light” on us. Here is a slightly different lesson about God’s “face”

lift upnasa – to lift, lift upThe word can also carry the idea of “to bear”, “carry”, even “forgive”

Here’s how some other translations handle this phrase:

(Numbers 6:26 NIV) the Lord turn his face toward you…

 

The “lifting up” of someone’s countenance is the opposite of someone’s countenance “falling”, like Cain’s did when God did not accept his offering:
(Genesis 4:5b NKJV) …And Cain was very angry, and his countenance fell.
In our passage, instead of God being angry, our phrase speaks of Him smiling.
I sometimes see this part of the blessing as “may God smile on you

(Numbers 6:26 NLT) May the Lord show you his favor…

 

When Lot was fleeing Sodom before it was destroyed, he asked God if He would let him flee to a city named Zoar. God responded…

(Genesis 19:21 NKJV) And he said to him, “See, I have favored you concerning this thing also, in that I will not overthrow this city for which you have spoken.
favored you” is literally “lifted the face”
God “smiled” at Lot and said “yes” to his request.

Sometimes the combination of these two words is translated “show partiality”, like playing favorites with someone. (Job 13:8; Ps. 82:2)

(Job 13:8 NKJV) Will you show partiality for Him? Will you contend for God?
(Psalm 82:2 NKJV) How long will you judge unjustly, And show partiality to the wicked? Selah

At the end of the book of Job, God commands Job’s foolish friends to make a sacrifice and ask Job to pray for them,

(Job 42:9 NKJV) So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went and did as the Lord commanded them; for the Lord had accepted Job.
God had “lifted up His face” to Job. In a way God had “played favorites” with Job.  God had “smiled” on Job.

In Psalm 42, the psalmist is struggling with difficult things.  He writes,

(Psalm 42:3 NKJV) My tears have been my food day and night, While they continually say to me, “Where is your God?”
He keeps forcing himself to remember times of rejoicing, times of being in God’s presence. Then he says,
(Psalm 42:5 NKJV) Why are you cast down, O my soul? And why are you disquieted within me? Hope in God, for I shall yet praise Him For the help of His countenance.

helpYeshua – help, salvation

Lesson

5. See the smile

Some of the people we pray for need to turn their lives over to Jesus, and when they do, they will experience God’s “smile”.
But I want to speak for a moment just to those of you who already believe in Jesus Christ.
My hope is not that you have to think about “making God smile”, but that you stop for a moment and realize He already is smiling on you.
Three quick things to help you see that smile…I’m sure you could think of fifteen more to add to these…
He knows you
Jesus said,

(John 10:14 NKJV) I am the good shepherd; and I know My sheep, and am known by My own.

As the good shepherd…

(John 10:3 NKJV) …he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out.

Illustration

A few years ago I was sitting in my office and struggling with some of the things that go on in church. I was in a major funk.

My secretary, Laurie, handed me a phone message from some guy named Chris from Boynton Beach in Florida. A guy I’ve never met. I returned his call.

He said he had been praying and that my name came to his mind, and that God wanted him to be praying for me. He didn’t ask me for anything. He didn’t ask me to vote for anything. He didn’t try to sell me something. He just told me that God wanted him to be praying for me. I can’t tell you how much that hit me to think that God cared enough about me to put my name on some stranger’s heart. I was speechless.

You might say, “But you’re a famous pastor. Of course he knew your name.” My friend, I am NOT a famous pastor. Most of you didn’t know who I was before I got up to speak tonight. I’ve been the pastor of a small unknown church.

God knows my name.  He knows your name.

He remembers you
(Isaiah 49:14–16 NKJV) —14 But Zion said, “The Lord has forsaken me, And my Lord has forgotten me.” 15 “Can a woman forget her nursing child, And not have compassion on the son of her womb? Surely they may forget, Yet I will not forget you. 16 See, I have inscribed you on the palms of My hands; Your walls are continually before Me.

He hasn’t forgotten you. Your name is written with a Sharpie on God’s hand. Or perhaps with nail prints…

He’s on your side
(Romans 8:31–32 NKJV) —31 What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? 32 He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?

He is for you.

Believer, He is smiling at you.

I think we just need to use a new kind of “facial recognition” software and realize what His face looks like.

He sees you and He smiles.

 

If you are a person who has not opened their heart to Jesus, you need this more than you even know. Let today be that day you say “yes” to Him.

When Jacob was returning home with his family and flocks, he was worried about meeting his brother Esau. One of the things Jacob decided to do was to send gifts ahead to Esau in hopes of getting Esau to be kind to him…

(Genesis 32:20 NKJV) …For he said, “I will appease him with the present that goes before me, and afterward I will see his face; perhaps he will accept me.”
“accept me” = “lift the countenance”

(Leviticus 19:15 NKJV) ‘You shall do no injustice in judgment. You shall not be partial to the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty. In righteousness you shall judge your neighbor.

“partial to the poor” = “lift up your face to…”

(1 Samuel 25:35 NKJV) So David received from her hand what she had brought him, and said to her, “Go up in peace to your house. See, I have heeded your voice and respected your person.”

David to Abigail, “respected your person” = “lifted up my face to…”

(2 Kings 3:14 NKJV) And Elisha said, “As the Lord of hosts lives, before whom I stand, surely were it not that I regard the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, I would not look at you, nor see you.

“regard the presence” = “lift up my face towards”

(Job 42:9 NKJV) So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went and did as the Lord commanded them; for the Lord had accepted Job.

(Psalm 4:6 NKJV) There are many who say, “Who will show us any good?” Lord, lift up the light of Your countenance upon us.

 

:26 give you peace

peaceshalom – completeness, soundness, welfare, peace, salvation

Shalom is one of those words with a large semantic range.
This is a Jewish greeting (“Shalom!”)
This is Solomon’s name (or today, “Shlomo”)
This is the root of the name of the city of Jerusalem (“teaching of peace”)
The Hebrew word looks like this: שָׁלֽוֹם
The first letter is shin, which looks like this ש
Some consider the shin is to represent Jerusalem because it is the shape of the hills and valleys that the ancient city rests on. (and the letter is in the name Jerusalem)

Play Jerusalem Valleys Video

You can see the shin in the valleys here.

You can form the letter shin with your hand, and it looks something like a “w”.
The priests (or, cohanim) used to hold up the shin with two hands when they pronounced this blessing over people. It was said to represent Shaddai (which starts with the letter shin), one of the names for God (“Almighty”).
Leonard Nimoy was raised in a traditional Jewish home. As a child, saw the rabbis forming the shin with their hands. He suggested they incorporate it into Star Trek when they decided they needed a gesture to accompany the Vulcan “Live long and prosper” greeting.
 
Warren Wiersbe writes,
Peace (shalom) is one of the great words in the Hebrew vocabulary, and it means much more than the absence of storm and trouble around us. It involves quietness of heart within us, spiritual health and spiritual prosperity, adequacy for the demands of life, and the kind of spiritual well-being that rises above circumstances.[3]

I think we all have a grasp on what “peace” is. But one of the aspects I want to bring out is the concept of “fullness”.  Spiritual fullness.

Lesson

6. Pray for fullness

This word shalom is an important word. It’s found 241 times in the Old Testament. There are so many aspects to it that we could probably pick five or six of them and apply them to our lives.
Let me just focus on one concept.  Fullness.
David wrote,
(Psalm 35:27 CSB) Let those who want my vindication shout for joy and be glad; let them continually say, “The Lord be exalted. He takes pleasure in his servant’s well-being.”

Other translations have “prosperity” or “peace”, but I like this concept of “well-being”.  It speaks to the fullness God has for our lives.

(Psalm 69:22 NKJV) Let their table become a snare before them, And their well-being a trap.
 
There is a spiritual fulness that can overflow that hole you have in your heart and soul.
 
Paul wrote,
(Ephesians 5:18 NKJV) And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with the Spirit,

We can try to fill that hole with all kinds of things like wine, drugs, sex, or just “stuff”.  God wants to fill that hole with the Holy Spirit. That’s where you’ll find shalom.

 
Keith Green was one of my heroes as a young Christian. In 1977 he released a song entitled “He’ll take care of the rest”.  It’s really a song about serving the Lord when you feel tempted to quit. In the middle of the song are these lyrics,

You just think about all those lonely people you know
They've got everything they want but they've got empty souls

Here’s Keith playing that part of the song live in 1978

Play Keith Green clip – He’ll Take Care of the Rest

 

People all around us have “empty souls”. We need this “shalom”, and we need to share it with them.

Some of you have an empty soul.  There’s a hole that you’ve tried to fill with all kinds of things, but only Jesus can fill that hole.

Some of you have had a full soul, but you’ve been “leaking” a bit and the needle is starting move towards “empty”.

 

Just believe … and you’ll receive…that comfort you need.

 
We can think of peace as only being the absence of conflict, but sometimes peace is that thing that overcomes the conflict inside of you.
There is a spiritual fulness that can give you a calm in the middle of the storm.
Illustration
IN THE 1870s Horatio Spafford was a successful Chicago lawyer and a close friend of evangelist Dwight L. Moody. Spafford had invested heavily in real estate, but the Chicago fire of 1871 wiped out his holdings. His son had died shortly before the disaster. Spafford and his family desperately needed a rest so in 1873 he planned a trip to Europe with his wife and four daughters. While in Great Britain he also hoped to help Moody with an evangelistic tour. Last minute business caused Spafford to delay his departure, but he sent his wife and four daughters on the S.S. Ville Du Havre as scheduled, promising to follow in a few days. On November 22 the ship was struck by the English ship Lochearn, and it sank in twelve minutes. Several days later the survivors landed at Cardiff, Wales. Only his wife had survived. Mrs. Spafford cabled her husband the brief message, "Saved alone. What shall I do?"
When Horatio Spafford made the ocean crossing to meet his grieving wife, he sailed near the place where his four daughters had sunk to the ocean depths. There, in the midst of his sorrow, he wrote these words that have brought solace to so many in grief:

When peace, like a river, attendeth my way,

When sorrows like sea billows roll,

Whatever my lot, Thou hast taught me to say,

It is well, it is well, with my soul.

Spafford found the peace in the storm.  He found that Jesus filled that “hole” in his heart. He found that it was “well” with his soul.
 
Pray for God’s “fullness”
 
The Bible speaks of three kinds of peace (per Billy Graham)
 
Peace with God.
The Bible teaches that before we came to believe in Jesus, we were in a state of enmity with God.  This was because of our sin.
Yet when we realized that Jesus died to pay for our sin, peace with God was declared.
(Romans 5:1 NKJV) Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
When we pray for others who don’t know Him, our prayer for peace should involve them turning their lives to Jesus.
 
Peace with others.
(Romans 12:18 NKJV) If it is possible, as much as depends on you, live peaceably with all men.
To be honest, peace with others isn’t always possible.

But we should pray that we all do our part to get along with others.

 
Peace in our situation
We usually think of peace as the cessation of hostilities, but sometimes situations aren’t going to change any time soon.
God wants to give us peace in the center of the storm.

(John 16:33 NKJV) These things I have spoken to you, that in Me you may have peace. In the world you will have tribulation; but be of good cheer, I have overcome the world.”

Jesus was sleeping when a storm arose.  The disciples panicked and woke Him up.

(Mark 4:39 NKJV) Then He arose and rebuked the wind, and said to the sea, “Peace, be still!” And the wind ceased and there was a great calm.

 
 
(Isaiah 48:22 NKJV) There is no peace,” says the Lord, “for the wicked.”
(Jeremiah 16:5 NKJV) For thus says the Lord: “Do not enter the house of mourning, nor go to lament or bemoan them; for I have taken away My peace from this people,” says the Lord, “lovingkindness and mercies.

:27 “So they shall put My name on the children of Israel, and I will bless them.”

:27 shall put My name on …

Let me simply say this, all the qualities we’ve looked at in this blessing are aspects of the character of God.  They are elements of what His name, Yahweh, is all about.

God wants the world to see these things in His people.

A person’s name in the Bible is often a summary of who they are, their “character”.

A man named Nabal was a “fool”
Abraham was the “father of a multitude”.
David was “beloved”
Jesus means “Yahweh is salvation”

And what is God’s name???

Yahweh.

When Moses first met God at the burning bush, he asked God what His name was.

(Exodus 3:14 NKJV) And God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM.” And He said, “Thus you shall say to the children of Israel, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’ ”
The phrase “I AM” is the first person singular form of an old Hebrew verb hawah, the verb “to be”.

Hawah is also the root idea behind the name Yahweh.

Pastor Chuck used to say something like this:

When God says “I AM”, that means that He is what you need Him to be.
Do you need blessing? God says, “I am blessing”
Do you need protection? God says “I am protection”
Do you need light? Grace? Favor? Peace?

God says, “I am”

The world needs to get a glimpse of who God is.  They need to see people who reflect the nature of God.

So when we “bless” people with this blessing, we are asking God to put these things into their lives and give the world a glimpse of just who God is.

Putting God’s name on His people is asking God to shape them to be more like Him, just like we saw when we talked about loving, praying for, and blessing our enemies.

(Matthew 5:45 NKJV) that you may be sons of your Father in heaven; for He makes His sun rise on the evil and on the good, and sends rain on the just and on the unjust.

Moses wanted to catch a better glimpse of God and asked God to “show me your glory” (Ex. 33:18)

All Moses got to see was God’s “back” and not His “face”.
But when it happened…
(Exodus 34:5–7 NKJV) —5 Now the Lord descended in the cloud and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the Lord. 6 And the Lord passed before him and proclaimed, “The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abounding in goodness and truth, 7 keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children and the children’s children to the third and the fourth generation.”

These qualities are who God is.  It’s what He’s all about.  It’s what “the name” is all about.

Much of the language uses the same words as in our blessing.

:27 I will bless them

Now God switches from singular pronouns (“you”), to a plural pronoun (“them”)

God blesses the nation by blessing individuals.
God blesses your family by blessing individuals.

The words here are “emphatic”.  When the priests pray this prayer over the people, God will indeed bless them.

God wants His people to be blessed.

I want to challenge you to memorize these verses.  You will see parts of them pop up as you are reading your Bible. You will find them very useful as you pray for others.

 

Who will you pray this over?

I pray this blessing daily.
I pray it over each of my family members.
I pray it for Pastor Bob and his wife Becky (so should you)
I pray it over some of the people I minister to.
I pray it for myself.
 

Pray for unbelievers to accept Christ, for the church to be built up.

 

Have people stand.

If they came with someone, turn to them.
If not, look at me.
We are going to end with blessing each other.  Repeat after me…
 
 


[1] Magdalene, F. R. (2000). Bless, Blessing. In D. N. Freedman, A. C. Myers, & A. B. Beck (Eds.), Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible (p. 192). W.B. Eerdmans.

[2] Oswalt, J. N. (1999). 285 בָּרַך. In R. L. Harris, G. L. Archer Jr., & B. K. Waltke (Eds.), Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament (electronic ed., p. 132). Moody Press.

[3] Wiersbe, W. W. (1999). Be counted (p. 29). Chariot Victor Pub.