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Matthew 2:1-18

Thursday Nights

September 29, 2022

Introduction

Two weeks ago we did a bit of introduction to Matthew as both a book and a person, so I won’t say much tonight other than to remind you that Matthew was a Jewish tax collector who decided to follow Jesus. We also looked at the magnificent, complex, and beautiful genealogy of Jesus that Matthew laid out that stretched from Abraham to David to Babylon and then to Jesus.

Last week we started to look at the birth of Jesus Christ and how God sent an angel to Joseph to let him know that his wife was carrying a very special baby.

 

2:1-12 Wise Men

:1 Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem,

:1 after Jesus was born

Be careful not to think that the events in this chapter happened the day after Jesus was born.  We’ll see they take place a bit later.

:1 Herod the king

There were many men (and women) named “Herod”, but this is the first one.

This is the fellow known as “Herod the Great”. 

He and his relatives ruled for years over the Roman province called Palestine. He was born around 74 BC. He was appointed “king” of Judea in 39 BC by the Roman Senate at the request of Mark Antony (Richard Burton’s part in Cleopatra).
The “Antonio Fortress” in Jerusalem was built and named by Herod after his benefactor, Mark Antony.
Herod wasn’t Jewish.  He was a descendant of Esau, an Edomite.

His bloody reign, high taxes, and love of Roman customs alienated him from the Jews, but he tried to make them happy with great building programs throughout the land of Israel.

He built a great palace in Jericho.
He built an entire city on the coast, and named it Caesarea to please His Roman pals.
He built the complex of Masada overlooking the Dead Sea.
He built a huge fortress and palace south of Jerusalem called “The Herodion”, from which you can see Jerusalem, and which is very, very close to Bethlehem.
Probably his most famous building project was the remodeling of the second Temple which had been constructed in Ezra’s day.  Today, all that’s left of that Temple are the huge stones that formed a retaining wall on the south side of the complex.  The rest was destroyed by Rome.

He died at age 70 in the year 4 BC.  This means that Jesus’ birth had to be before 4 BC.

He was considered skilled in war, wise, but also paranoid and cruel. He married a Jewish wife, but because of his suspicions he eventually had her and her two sons killed.

Emperor Augustus reportedly said it was better to be Herod’s pig than his son, for a pig had a better chance of surviving in a Jewish community.

 

:1 wise men from the East

wise menmagos (“magician”) – the name given by the Babylonians (Chaldeans), Medes, Persians, and others, to the wise men, teachers, priests, physicians, astrologers, seers, interpreters of dreams, augers, soothsayers, sorcerers etc.

This visit by the magi fulfills:

(Isaiah 60:3 NKJV) The Gentiles shall come to your light, And kings to the brightness of your rising.

Our Christmas traditions say there were “three” wise men, but you won’t find that number in the Bible.  We get that number from the number of gifts given to Jesus.

There may have been two, there might have been twenty.  They probably came with a caravan of camels, horses, and servants.

 

:2 saying, “Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.”

:2 we have seen His star in the East

At Christmas we often see displays of the shepherds and wise men standing around Jesus in a stable with animals.  This is probably not accurate.

Luke’s account tells us the shepherds showed up on the night of the birth (Luke 2:1-20)
From what Herod does later in our chapter, it seems that the wise men gave some indication as to the time of birth of the baby, and that they had arrived two years after the birth (Mat. 2:16).
I don’t think Joseph and Mary would have lived in a stable for two years.  By this time they’ve settled down, they’re living in their own house (Mat. 2:11) or living with relatives.
When you set up your nativity scenes this Christmas, perhaps you ought to put the wise men a bit farther from the manger, maybe in the next room.

 

:3 When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

:3 Herod … was troubled

:3 he was troubledtarasso – to agitate, trouble (a thing, by the movement of its parts to and fro); to cause one inward commotion, take away his calmness of mind, disturb his equanimity

Herod was already one paranoid guy.  He was constantly worried that someone was going to overthrow him.  And now there’s a mysterious new king?

Jerusalem was also troubled because there’s no guessing what a frightened Herod might do.

:4 And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born.

:4 the chief priests and scribes

In the “Complete Jewish Bible” (a Jewish oriented translation), this is translated:

the head cohanim and Torah-teachers”

:4 inquired punthanomai – to enquire, ask; to ascertain, by enquiry

:4 where the Christ was to be born

The word “Christ” means “anointed”. 

This is the Greek word for “Messiah”, the “anointed one”.
This was a term used for kings and priests, but it was used in a special way to refer to a coming Savior, THE Anointed One.  Many of the Jews were expecting the Messiah to come and kick out the Romans.
Most of us are familiar with the Jewish revolt in AD66 that ended with the destruction of Jerusalem by Rome.  But in 132 AD, a second Jewish revolt was led by a man known as Simon bar Kokhva, and many of the Jewish scholars in his day thought that HE was the Messiah.
The title “Messiah” was not unique to Jesus.  Others tried to claim it.

:5 So they said to him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet:

:6 ‘But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, Are not the least among the rulers of Judah; For out of you shall come a Ruler Who will shepherd My people Israel.’ ”

:6 Bethlehem, in the land of Judah

Bethlehem – (see map) this city in Judah is about six miles south of Jerusalem.

I’ve already mentioned the “Herodion” built by Herod, just three miles from Bethlehem.
Bethlehem is the town where King David was born.
Its name means literally “House of Bread”.
If you are traveling north through the wilderness of southern Judah, you will pass a zone of land where the desert begins to transition into land that can be cultivated and farmed.  Bethlehem lies right on that border between the desert of Judah and the farmland.
This is pretty cool considering that Jesus called Himself “The Bread of Life”, and He was born in a town we might called “Bakery”.

The Jewish scholars did their homework well and they came up with a prophecy from Micah 5:2.

(Micah 5:2 NKJV) “But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, Though you are little among the thousands of Judah, Yet out of you shall come forth to Me The One to be Ruler in Israel, Whose goings forth are from of old, From everlasting.”

I find it fascinating that we have no record of any of these Jewish scholars going along to Bethlehem to see if the Messiah was actually there.

Lesson

How far will you go?

Even today, there are people who will talk as if they are interested in knowing God, but they don’t want to leave their “comfort zone” to find Him.
The Jewish scholars in Jerusalem were unwilling to walk the 6 miles to Bethlehem.
Herod was unwilling to make that walk, even though one of his fortress/palaces (the Herodion) was very close, only three miles away.  You can see Bethlehem across the valley from the Herodion.
Jesus said,
(Matthew 16:24 NKJV) Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me.

It’s not “comfortable” to deny yourself.

It’s certainly not comfortable to take up a cross.

But it’s definitely worthwhile to follow Jesus.

During the pandemic, many of us have finally gotten comfortable just staying at home and doing things online.
I’m not saying you’re a lesser Christian for watching this online, but could it be time for you to get out of your comfort zone and come back to church in person where you can serve, pray for others, encourage others, and worship with others?
When we are there gathered as a church, worshipping Jesus, He is there.

 

:7 Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, determined from them what time the star appeared.

We’re going to see that they probably replied that they had been tracking the star for about two years.

 

:8 And he sent them to Bethlehem and said, “Go and search carefully for the young Child, and when you have found Him, bring back word to me, that I may come and worship Him also.”

:8 searchexetazo – to search out; to examine strictly, enquire

:8 carefullyakribos – exactly, accurately, diligently

:8 that I may come and worship Him

I wonder if his nose grew just a little like Pinocchio.

Remember, you can’t trust Herod.  He has no intention to worship this new king.

 

:9 When they heard the king, they departed; and behold, the star which they had seen in the East went before them, till it came and stood over where the young Child was.

:9 the star which they had seen

What was this thing?

Some have suggested it might have been something like a supernova, a comet, or a planet.  Yet by this verse, this thing was apparently moving southward towards Bethlehem.  Stars and heavenly bodies move east to west, not north to south.

Somehow the star appeared originally to them, then they lost sight of it, requiring that they stop at Jerusalem and ask for directions. 

I know some who think that because they stopped and asked for directions, they were not wise “men” but wise “women”.   J
My response is that if they were wise “women”, they would have arrived on time, helped deliver the baby, cleaned the stable, made a casserole, and brought practical gifts like diapers.

Back to the star … It seems best to see this as some sort of special, supernatural phenomena made just for this event.  Perhaps it was even the Shekinah glory of God, like the pillar of fire at night that led the Israelites through the desert.

 

:10 When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy.

:10 they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy

Can you imagine their joy? Searching for all these years, finding some answers in Jerusalem, and then seeing the star actually indicate the place where the child was.

 

:11 And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshiped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

:11 come into the house

Joseph and Mary had settled down in Bethlehem and were living in a house, not a cave or a barn.

:11 fell down and worshiped Him

worshipedproskuneo – to kiss the hand to (towards) one, in token of reverence; to fall upon the knees and touch the ground with the forehead as an expression of profound reverence

Lesson

Wisdom Worships

Sometimes I get the feeling that some folks don’t understand worship.
They think it’s not intellectually stimulating.
They think they don’t need to participate in the music.
And I have to say it’s seen in the fact that they show up late to church, just in time to hear the message.
Yet here, the “Wise” men are falling down to worship.  Oh how I love this.
There used to be a bumper sticker that said: “Wise men still worship Him”
They recognized this small child as something special.
I absolutely love my grandson Micah.  He’s two. About the same age Jesus was.

He’s super cute.  He’s smart. (Play “Micah Wiggles” video)

But I can’t imagine anyone falling down to worship him.

These men had followed this astronomical event, they had heard of an ancient prophecy, then they actually found this child, the promised one.
And they fall down to worship.
There was a movie called “Son of God” that has a scene in it where the wise men arrive at the manger, present their gifts, and then as they bow before the child, everyone else present in the manger (including shepherds) all bow down.  I love the picture, though it’s not quite historically accurate.
Are you a wise person?
Have you learned how to regularly bow before the King of Kings?
 

:11 gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh

Side note:  Did you notice that “worship” involves “giving”.  When the offering is received at church, it’s not an inconvenient addition to the service.  It’s part of worship.

 

Gold

This is a gift for a king.
This might have been what financed Joseph and Mary’s trip to Egypt.
 

Frankincense

The gift for a priest.
This was one of the ingredients in the holy incense, which was to represent the prayers of the people before God.
(Exodus 30:34 NKJV) And the Lord said to Moses: “Take sweet spices, stacte and onycha and galbanum, and pure frankincense with these sweet spices; there shall be equal amounts of each.
It was also used with some of the sacrifices in the book of Leviticus.

 

Myrrh

Another priestly gift, this was part of the holy anointing oil:
(Exodus 30:23 NKJV) “Also take for yourself quality spices—five hundred shekels of liquid myrrh, half as much sweet-smelling cinnamon (two hundred and fifty shekels), two hundred and fifty shekels of sweet-smelling cane,

The anointing oil was a picture of the Holy Spirit, and it was used to indicate God’s touch on people or things.

Kings, priests, and tabernacles were all anointed with this special oil that was not just myrrh, but also mixed with other spices.

Myrrh was also used in burials.  The simple idea was to help mask the awful smell of a body decaying.  Jesus’ body was wrapped up in a mixture of myrrh and aloes.
There may be a prophetic hint at Jesus’ death in this gift.

 

Frankincense and Myrrh are substances that are typically imported from the land of Arabia.  When we’ve visited Petra in Jordan, they have a little spice shop at the end of the canyon where you can buy these spices that have been brought up by the same route that the Israelites traveled when they came from Egypt.

I’ve got samples with me here in the studio. The raw spices are typically ground up and mixed with oil to create a fragrance. The oils are a bit more fragrant than the raw spice.

The early church Fathers understood the gold to be symbolic of Christ’s deity, the frankincense of His purity, and the myrrh of His death.

 

:12 Then, being divinely warned in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed for their own country another way.

There was something wonderful and godly about these wise men.

God spoke to them and they never let Herod know what had happened.

 

2:13-15 Escape to Egypt

:13 Now when they had departed, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream, saying, “Arise, take the young Child and His mother, flee to Egypt, and stay there until I bring you word; for Herod will seek the young Child to destroy Him.”

:14 When he arose, he took the young Child and His mother by night and departed for Egypt,

:15 and was there until the death of Herod, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, “Out of Egypt I called My Son.”

:14 departed for Egypt

Joseph and his family were probably able to survive because of the gifts that the wise men brought Jesus.

:15 Out of Egypt I called My Son

Matthew is now quoting the prophet Hosea,

(Hosea 11:1 NKJV) “When Israel was a child, I loved him, And out of Egypt I called My son.
Like we saw last week, here’s another example of how a prophecy can have more than one target.  Hosea is talking about the nation of Israel having been in Egypt as slaves for four hundred years, but Matthew saw the connection of “out of Egypt” and “My Son”, and realized that it was fulfilled by Jesus as well.

Side Note:  Some of us Bible teachers like to make broad statements such as, “Egypt is always a type or picture of the flesh or sinful life”.  But it’s not really that way in every case.

Joseph wasn’t sinning in taking his family to Egypt, he was obeying the angel’s instructions and protecting his family.

 

2:16-18 Killing Babies

:16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was deceived by the wise men, was exceedingly angry; and he sent forth and put to death all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all its districts, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had determined from the wise men.

:17 Then was fulfilled what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying:

:18 “A voice was heard in Ramah, Lamentation, weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, Refusing to be comforted, Because they are no more.”

:16 put to death all the male children

Do you see why Herod had such a reputation of being a paranoid megalomaniac?

All the male children two years old and younger are put to death.

Right now, that would include my three grandsons. (and if you think I’m going to pass up an opportunity to show you more grandchildren pics …)

:18 Rachel weeping for her children

Matthew is quoting from:

(Jeremiah 31:15 NKJV) Thus says the Lord: “A voice was heard in Ramah, Lamentation and bitter weeping, Rachel weeping for her children, Refusing to be comforted for her children, Because they are no more.”
In Jeremiah 31, the prophet is speaking of a future for the nation after they have been devastated by the Babylonians.

The weeping over children was speaking about the Babylonian devastation.  Ramah was a town five miles north of Jerusalem (Bethlehem was about six miles south).  Rachel was the mother of Joseph and Benjamin, the tribes living in that area, all of which were carried off to Babylon.

But in Jeremiah 31, the main point wasn’t the Babylonian devastation, but to paint a picture of hope in what was to come.
(Jeremiah 31:17 NKJV) There is hope in your future, says the Lord, That your children shall come back to their own border.

Matthew now connects this verse from Jeremiah with what had happened in Bethlehem.

Bethlehem may not seem to have had a connection with Rachel. Bethlehem was a part of Judah, which was descended from Leah, not Rachel.
But if you look a little closer to the history, the actual Rachel died at Bethlehem (Gen. 35:19) – there is a connection with her and Bethlehem.
(Genesis 35:19 NKJV) So Rachel died and was buried on the way to Ephrath (that is, Bethlehem).

Herod killing the children became known in history as “The Massacre of the Innocents”.

Even though this was a tragic event, it was similar to Jeremiah’s prophecy in that what seemed tragic at the moment would end with hope.
Jesus the Messiah had been born and He was rescued from Herod’s soldiers.