richcathers.com

Jude 20-21

MidWeek Study

May 13, 2026

Maintenance Check

Illustration

I am not much of a mechanic. I tried doing some auto repair when I was in high school, trying to rebuild a carburetor on my 1968 Opel Kadett, and had too many parts left over. In college I tried a simple thing like replacing my 1970 Volkswagen van’s spark plug wires but …

Now I pretty much leave those kinds of things to the professionals. And over the years we’ve relied on our mechanics doing the regular “maintenance” on our cars.  When you neglect regular maintenance, you shouldn’t be surprised if you have problems on the road.

Illustration

The Air Force requires their aircraft have regular maintenance as well.

Here are some actual maintenance complaints submitted by US Air Force pilots and the replies from the maintenance crews:
Problem: “Left inside main tire almost needs replacement.”
Solution: “Almost replaced left inside main tire.”
 
Problem: “Test flight OK, except autoland very rough.”
Solution: “Autoland not installed on this aircraft.”
 
Problem: “Something loose in cockpit.”
Solution: “Something tightened in cockpit.”
 
Problem: “Number three engine missing.”
Solution: “Engine found on right wing after brief search.”
 
Problem: “DME volume unbelievably loud.”
Solution: “Volume set to more believable level.”
 
Problem: Dead bugs on windshield.
Solution: Live bugs on order.

Those are kind of silly, but some kinds of “maintenance” are a little more serious.

I’ve been in the habit of getting an annual physical for quite some time. I usually come away with a list of things I need to work on or new prescriptions I need to fill. As someone who’s had a heart attack and three stents, I try my best to keep this old body working as best as I can so I can still do a little more ministry before I go to heaven.

Perhaps you might consider tonight’s study a sort of “checkup” of your spiritual life.

For some of you, this will seem like very familiar territory.

Though I have to admit I’ve been a bit challenged by some of what we’ll be looking at.

For some of you, you may realize there are some areas you need to think about in order to stay healthy.

You may have some new prescriptions to fill.  Let’s start our “Maintenance Check”
 

Background

We are going to look at two verses from the little book of Jude.

Jude was one of the half-brothers of Jesus, just like the author of the book of James.

We think that Jude wrote his short little letter around AD 67.  It’s been over 30 years since Jesus died, rose, and ascended to heaven. Some of the apostles have been martyred. Doctor Jude has been looking over the tests and has some concerns about the church.

The gospel has travelled around much of the world. There are churches in many cities.

And not everything is going well.

We like to think of the church in the first century as being perfect in every way, but it wasn’t.

If you pay attention when you read the New Testament, you will realize that the apostles were constantly trying to correct bad teachings that were infiltrating the church.

Jesus had warned:

(Matthew 7:15 NKJV) “Beware of false prophets, who come to you in sheep’s clothing, but inwardly they are ravenous wolves.

Teachers had sprung up from the very beginning to draw people into strange teachings.

Luke records that a “sorcerer” named Simon (Acts 8) would start to believe in Jesus through Philip’s preaching, but church history tells us that he would go on to become the founder of the cult of Gnosticism.
When Philip the evangelist took the gospel to Samaria (Acts 8), there was a fellow named Simon who had been a “sorcerer” (also called “Simon Magus”). Simon believed Philip’s message and was even baptized, but when Peter and John showed up, laid hands on people, and they were received the Holy Spirit, Simon’s true colors showed up.  He wanted to know how Peter and John had accomplished this “trick” and offered to pay money if they would teach him their secret. Luke’s account is a little unclear about what happened to Simon the sorcerer, but church tradition tells us that he became the founder of the cult of Gnosticism.
In Acts 15, the church had to deal with teachers that began to tell the Gentiles they needed to be circumcised in order to be saved.
Paul had warned the church in Ephesus:
(Acts 20:29–30 NKJV) —29 For I know this, that after my departure savage wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock. 30 Also from among yourselves men will rise up, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after themselves.
At the end of the first century John will receive his “Revelation” which includes seven letters from Jesus to seven of the churches in Asia Minor. Five of those seven churches were rebuked by Jesus for having teachings or practices that were contrary to what Jesus taught.

It’s kind of strange to me, but even today there are some folks who are leaving Evangelical, Bible-teaching churches to join the “old” churches like the Eastern Orthodox or Roman Catholic churches.

One of the attractions these churches have is that they are “old”.
But keep in mind, an “old” church may also contain a lot of “old” stinky baggage.
 

Here’s what Jude says was his reason for writing this short letter:

(Jude 3–4 NKJV) —3 Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints. 4 For certain men have crept in unnoticed, who long ago were marked out for this condemnation, ungodly men, who turn the grace of our God into lewdness and deny the only Lord God and our Lord Jesus Christ.

Just a few brief notes here.

Jude contrasts two things:

:3 the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints

The term “faith” (Greek: pistis) can refer to our belief in Jesus, or our trust in God as we pray, but here it is used to refer to the “body of teachings” that we adhere to as Christians.
It’s important later on to remember how Jude uses the term “faith”.
Jude is talking about the teachings of Jesus that were given “once for all”.
They haven’t changed over time. They haven’t been revised over time.
Yes, some things might have seemed unclear and then got cleared up (like the Gentile issues), but the same body of truth has been there all along.
Some of those teachings came from Jesus Himself, like the things we have recorded in the gospels.
Some of those teachings came through the apostles that Jesus appointed. Those teachings were recorded in their letters, like those of Paul, Peter, and John.
Warren Wiersbe writes,

When the church assembled the New Testament books, it was required that each book be written either by an apostle or by someone closely associated with an apostle. Apostolic teaching was, and still is, the test of truth.[1]

:4 certain men have crept in unnoticed

The main portion of Jude’s letter is to draw attention to these “false teachers” that were leading the church astray.
I’m not going to spend time looking at all the aspects of these “false” or “apostate” teachers.
My goal is to look at the “maintenance check” at the end of the letter where Jude gives us how we can stay “healthy” with Jesus.

 

Let’s stand and read verses 20-21 together…

(Jude 20–21 NKJV) —20 But you, beloved, building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit, 21 keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.

 

Jude 20-21

:20 But you, beloved, building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Spirit,

:20 But you, beloved

Jude has been talking about these apostate teachers and he’s described them as …

(Jude 16 NKJV) These are grumblers, complainers, walking according to their own lusts; and they mouth great swelling words, flattering people to gain advantage.

And…

(Jude 19 NKJV) These are sensual persons, who cause divisions, not having the Spirit.

And in verse 20, Jude wants to encourage his readers to be different than those false teachers. There should be a difference between those who don’t follow the truth and those who do.

And he calls his readers “beloved”.

This is the third time he’s called them that.
(Jude 3 NKJV) Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.
(Jude 17 NKJV) But you, beloved, remember the words which were spoken before by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ:
 

:20 building yourselves up on

buildingepioikodomeo – (from three words: upon + house + house top) – “to build upon”

The word is painting the picture of the construction of a building, but specifically building a building upon some kind of foundation.
A brief word of grammar here.
This word is what we call a “participle”.  I’ll talk more about this towards the end.
A form of the word (oikodomeo) is used by Jesus to talk about how you choose to build your life:
(Matthew 7:24–27 NKJV) —24 “Therefore whoever hears these sayings of Mine, and does them, I will liken him to a wise man who built his house on the rock: 25 and the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house; and it did not fall, for it was founded on the rock. 26 “But everyone who hears these sayings of Mine, and does not do them, will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand: 27 and the rain descended, the floods came, and the winds blew and beat on that house; and it fell. And great was its fall.”

In this parable, the house is a picture of a person’s life. The foundation that the house is built upon is not just the teachings of Jesus, but whether or not a person chooses to obey the teachings.

Paul uses the word (epioikodomeo) to talk about his ministry starting the church in Corinth,
(1 Corinthians 3:10–11 NKJV) —10 According to the grace of God which was given to me, as a wise master builder I have laid the foundation, and another builds on it. But let each one take heed how he builds on it. 11 For no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ.
12 Now if anyone builds on this foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, straw, 13 each one’s work will become clear; for the Day will declare it, because it will be revealed by fire; and the fire will test each one’s work, of what sort it is. 14 If anyone’s work which he has built on it endures, he will receive a reward. 15 If anyone’s work is burned, he will suffer loss; but he himself will be saved, yet so as through fire.

Paul says he’s laid a “foundation” for each person, and the foundation is Jesus Christ (vs.11)

Our passage also hints our “foundation” is also our “most holy faith”.

We ought to be careful what we are building on top of that foundation.

 

:20 your most holy faith

faithpistis – “faith”

This word has a “wide semantic range”, or, a variety of ways it can be translated depending on the context. Three of the more common meanings are:

1. Someone or something that is worth trusting.  We might call this “faithfulness”.
(Galatians 5:22 NKJV) But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness,
2. The state of believing or the action of trusting something.
(Ephesians 2:8 NKJV) For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God,
We see this usage the most, over 200x.

We are saved by “believing” in Jesus and what He’s done for us.

When we pray, we need exercise our “faith” in God.

3. The thing that is “believed”. The body of trusted teaching.
That’s how Jude is using the word here.

Definition #2 is used 200+ times, while this definition is used perhaps 5 times.

We call the teachings of Jesus and the apostles “the faith”.

This is how Jude used the word back in verse 3 -

(Jude 3 NKJV) …the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.

It’s also used this way in:

(Romans 1:5 NKJV) Through Him we have received grace and apostleship for obedience to the faith among all nations for His name,

(Galatians 1:23 NKJV) But they were hearing only, “He who formerly persecuted us now preaches the faith which he once tried to destroy.”

(2 Timothy 4:7 NKJV) I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.

Some of us grew up in churches that would recite things together like the Nicene Creed, or the “Apostles’s Creed” that starts out with:

“I believe in God, the Father almighty,
creator of heaven and earth.
I believe in Jesus Christ, God’s only Son, our Lord…who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,
born of the Virgin Mary,
suffered under Pontius Pilate,
was crucified, died, and was buried;
he descended to the dead.
On the third day he rose again;
he ascended into heaven,
he is seated at the right hand of the Father,
and he will come to judge the living and the dead.
I believe in the Holy Spirit,
the holy catholic Church,
the communion of saints,
the forgiveness of sins,
the resurrection of the body,
and the life everlasting. Amen.”

The word “Creed” is based on the Latin word credo, which means “I believe”.

When Jude is talking about “building yourselves up on your most holy faith”, I don’t think he’s talking about “strengthening your ability to trust God”.
He’s talking about making sure that the things you add to your “beliefs” are the correct things.

He’s talking about making sure your doctrine is correct.

That’s the sense he used back in verse 3

(Jude 3 NKJV) …exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.

This is the problem with the false teachers.
They were adding things to people’s beliefs that weren’t true.

Wrong teaching leads to wrong living.

Jude warned that these false teachers lived lives of sexual immorality, greed, and rebellion.

But in contrast to the false teachers, our body of “faith” is …

most holyhagios – set apart, dedicated to God, sacred, holy.

This word is an adjective.
Adjectives can be either positive (“good”), comparative (“better”), or superlative (“best”).
Here the adjective is in the “superlative” form.
The adjective “holy” could be formed as “holy”, “holier”, or “holiest”. Or … “most holy”

Another way would be “holy”, “more holy”, and “most holy”.

This is the only time in the New Testament that the term “most holy” is found.

This contrasts to the false teachers who were characterized by “sexual immorality” (vs.7), “lusts” (vs.16), and as “sensual persons” (vs.19).
The body of teaching that we hold to is not like these things. It is not just “a holy faith”. It is not a “holierfaith, but is indeed “the most holy faith”.

If your “faith” (as in the body of teachings you believe in) does not lead to a more “holy” life, then Houston, we have a problem.

 

How do we build upon our “most holy faith”? How do we build on what we believe?

It starts with recognizing the foundation that we are building our lives upon.
Our foundation is Jesus Christ.

Have you made Him the Lord of your life?

From there you need to be careful what you use for building materials.

Our building material should be God’s Word.

(2 Timothy 3:16–17 NKJV) —16 All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, 17 that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work.

 
Some churches have chosen to add to the authority of God’s word.
Orthodox (Greek, Eastern, Russian, etc.) churches as well as the Roman Catholic church have chosen to hold their own “traditions” as being equally authoritative.

When a patriarch or pope make certain declarations, they can be seen as being as authoritative as Scripture.

Do you believe you are “saved by grace”?

So do these churches, but they teach that one of the ways you receive “grace” is through eating the eucharist, through taking communion.

That’s why you must take communion at their churches if you want to be saved.

In their First Vatican Council (1870), the Roman Catholic Church decided that the Pope has the ability to speak with infallible authority, or “ex cathedra”.

In other words, when he speaks in this fashion, his words carry the same weight as your Bible.

It doesn’t mean that everything the pope says or does is perfect, just when he gives these certain decrees.

It’s only happened a few times since 1870.

In 1854, Pope Pius IX declared that Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception. This wasn’t really a new teaching, but had actually been hinted at by some of the 2nd and 3rd century church fathers.

Pope Pius XII (1950) gave one such decree when he declared that Mary, at the end of her earthly life, was taken body and soul into heaven.  This is called “The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary”.

He then added …

Hence if anyone, which God forbid, should dare willfully to deny or to call into doubt that which We have defined, let him know that he has fallen away completely from the divine and Catholic Faith.[11]

When the Pope issues a decree “ex cathedra”, he is claiming to speak with the same inerrant authority as your Bible.

The Orthodox churches don’t use this type of terminology, but by practice they follow the same idea.  When an early church father taught something, it may enter into their accepted doctrine.

Contemporary churches can have wrong ideas as well.

You create your own future by “speaking” things – “name it and claim it”.

You deserve to be “healthy” – God will always heal you.

The Bible is full of flaws, you can’t trust it.

Jesus never claimed to be “God”.

God no longer works through the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

God is okay with gay marriage.

God stopped choosing the Jewish people and the “church” gets to inherit all the promises God originally intended for the children of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

The problem comes when we make ourselves the authority over what to believe or not believe.

(2 Timothy 4:3–4 NKJV) —3 For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine, but according to their own desires, because they have itching ears, they will heap up for themselves teachers; 4 and they will turn their ears away from the truth, and be turned aside to fables.

There are difficult doctrines in the Bible like the reality of hell for the unbeliever. I’ve heard way too many people say, “I just don’t believe that” when it comes to the Scriptures.

What’s their authority? They make themselves the authority.

It’s like the nation of Israel in the book of Judges:

(Judges 21:25 NKJV) In those days there was no king in Israel; everyone did what was right in his own eyes.

How do we build ourselves up on our “most holy faith”? Here’s the first “maintenance check”.

Lesson

1. Build with the Word

Read your Bible
The whole Bible. This is where you will find the “faith once for all delivered to the saints”.

I think every believer ought to have a daily practice of reading through the Bible.

I’ve been reading through the Bible once a year for over forty years.

I don’t do it because I think I’m earning brownie points with God. I do it because I want to know His Word.  If “all” scripture is profitable, I want to know all of it.

When I was hired as an assistant pastor at Calvary Chapel Anaheim in the early 1980’s, I had to admit that I had never read the entire Bible.

I had been a Christian for 15 years, been to many Bible studies, had even graduated from seminary with a degree in Bible Exposition, but had never read the entire Bible.

So I started reading. My goal was and has been to read through the Bible every year.

To read the Bible in a year, it really only takes about 15 minutes a day.  Three chapters a day.

But it’s okay if you choose to read through the Bible every two years or every three years.  Just keep reading through the Bible. And then do it again.

Some might say, “Don’t try to read through the entire Bible because you won’t understand it”.

I would reply, “You are not going understand everything the first time. How could you? But keep at it and you will understand more and more each time you read through it.”

The first three or four times though the Bible you are just learning the landmarks and finding the great stories and passages.

As you keep at it, you will find yourself making connections between the Old and New Testaments. When your pastor teaches on Sunday or Wednesday, he will be adding more info for your next time through.

Illustration

I used to be a bank teller. In the old days the “merchant teller” was the one who took in the cash deposits from various businesses. They handled the most cash during the day. I did that job for a while. The deposit for the gas station always smelled a little of oil and gasoline. But the deposit from the donut shop! Yummy! When another teller suspects a bill is a counterfeit, they always took it to the merchant teller. They were the one quickest to spot a counterfeit. Why? Because they were so used to handling the real thing.

You will find that the more you work at reading your whole Bible, the less you will find yourself interested in those goofy doctrines because you are someone who is learning the bigger picture.

Sorry for the self-promotion, but I wrote a book a few years ago called “Seven for Seven”, which will give you a few tools to help you develop the simple spiritual habit of reading every day, as well as a reading plan and a short one-page devotional for each day of the year that is based on what you read for that day.
Study your Bible.
Each week learn to dig deeper than just reading.
I hope that’s what you are doing when you come to church.
I know that my own walk suffers the less time I spend studying each week.

I recently had to miss two Sundays in a row, and I have to tell you I was hungry to get back to church and study with Bob.

I think it’s imperative that you are part of a solid Bible-teaching church like the one you’re in right now. A church that is committed to teaching the entire Bible, not just a pastor’s favorite stories.
There are all sorts of resources available to help you study.

Be a part of a small group study, a men’s study, a women’s study, or an SOD class.

There are books and commentaries you can learn from.

There’s nothing better than to listen to Pastor Chuck teaching on a passage.  His teachings are online at:

https://www.pastorchuck.org/

Pastor Bob has his new “Ask Pastor Bob” AI app running on the church website where you can ask it what Bob teaches on the meaning of a particular verse.

By the way, “Ask Pastor Bob” is abbreviated “APB” – kind of funny for an ex-cop.

https://www.askpb.com/chat.html

Pastor Jack Abeelen recently retired from pastoring Morning Star Christian Fellowship. He is now attending CCEA with us, and he’s one of the old breed of Calvary Pastors – who has taught through the entire Bible multiple times. You can listen or watch his teachings on every book of the Bible at https://jackabeelen.com/

I’ve taught through the Bible several times myself. You can find all my study notes, including this study (in a few days), covering the entire Bible at https://www.richcathers.com/

 

The second thing Jude encourages us to do is to be …

:20 praying in the Holy Spirit

prayingproseuchomai – to petition deity, pray

There is nothing particularly intriguing about this word. It is the fairly plain vanilla word for “pray”. Words built upon the same root are found 134 times in the New Testament.
But don’t mistake “plain vanilla” for not important.
In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus uses this word five times…

(Matthew 5:44 NKJV) But I say to you, love your enemies, bless those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who spitefully use you and persecute you,

(Matthew 6:5–9 NKJV) —5 “And when you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites. For they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward. 6 But you, when you pray, go into your room, and when you have shut your door, pray to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. 7 And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do. For they think that they will be heard for their many words. 8 Therefore do not be like them. For your Father knows the things you have need of before you ask Him. 9 In this manner, therefore, pray: Our Father in heaven, Hallowed be Your name.

Jesus prayed every day, often early in the morning.

(Mark 1:35 NKJV) Now in the morning, having risen a long while before daylight, He went out and departed to a solitary place; and there He prayed.

He would pray after a long day of ministry.

(Matthew 14:23 NKJV) And when He had sent the multitudes away, He went up on the mountain by Himself to pray. Now when evening came, He was alone there.

He prayed before going to the cross.

(Matthew 26:36 NKJV) Then Jesus came with them to a place called Gethsemane, and said to the disciples, “Sit here while I go and pray over there.”

Jesus expects His disciples to be men and women of prayer.

(John 15:7–8 NKJV) —7 If you abide in Me, and My words abide in you, you will ask what you desire, and it shall be done for you. 8 By this My Father is glorified, that you bear much fruit; so you will be My disciples.

Another brief word of Greek grammar here.
This word is also a “participle”. Again, I will talk about why that’s important in a few minutes.
 

:20 in the Holy Spirit

Before unpacking this phrase, I think it’s important to remind ourselves about the “baptism of the Holy Spirit”

Jesus said,

(Acts 1:5 NKJV) for John truly baptized with water, but you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.”
The Greek here is en pneumati baptisthesesthe hagio.
We call this being “baptized in the Holy Spirit”.

John baptized people by dunking them into the water of the river Jordan.

Jesus promises a different baptism, being baptized into the Holy Spirit.

I do not believe this is the same as believers receiving the Holy Spirit when they first believer.

Every believer in Jesus Christ has the Holy Spirit inside them.

The question is, do they have the special empowering that Jesus promised?

When Holy Spirit falls on a believer, He not only empowers them to be witnesses, but to do all the things that Jesus wants them to do.

This is what happened on the day of Pentecost, to the apostles who were already believers…

(Acts 2:4 NKJV) And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.

Note: I believe the Holy Spirit initially came into the apostles in the upper room after the resurrection…

(John 20:22 NKJV) And when He had said this, He breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit.

Paul wrote,

(Ephesians 5:18 NKJV) And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with the Spirit,

Paul here uses en pneumati. Probably the use of en as “association”, but still en pneumati.

When we pray, we want to be “filled” with the Spirit.

I think that sometimes that simply means for us to take a second and stop, yield ourselves to the Spirit, and then pray.

In the Greek, our phrase here is en pneumati hagio. It uses the preposition en with the dative case. 

I think this phrase conveys at least two things:

Here’s what Dr. Daniel Wallace says are the possibilities:
Ἐν is the workhorse of prepositions in the NT, occurring more frequently and in more varied situations than any other. It overlaps with the simple dative uses to a great extent, but not entirely. The following categories are for the most part painted with broad strokes.
1.   Spatial/Sphere: in (and various other translations)
2.   Temporal: in, within, when, while, during
3.   Association (often close personal relationship): with
4.   Cause: because of
5.   Instrumental: by, with
6.   Reference/Respect: with respect to/with reference to
7.   Manner: with
8.   Thing Possessed: with (in the sense of which possesses)
9.   Standard (=Dative of Rule): according to the standard of
10. As an equivalent for εἰς (with verbs of motion)”[2]
I think the best possibilities are #1 and #5.
#1 would carry the idea that we are “in the sphere of the Holy Spirit” (Wuest)

We are to pray “within the sphere of the Holy Spirit”

#5 would carry the idea that the Holy Spirit is “instrumental”.

We are to pray “with the help of” the Holy Spirit.

1. Spatial. We are to pray “within the sphere” of the Holy Spirit.
It’s as if the Holy Spirit were like the pool in my backyard. In the picture, you could say the “duck” is “in” the pool.

It’s not that I can’t pray anywhere in my house, but Jude’s encouragement is to make sure you get into the pool, to be “in the Holy Spirit” when you pray.

Play “in the pool” video

When you pray, are you “in the pool”?
2. Instrumental. We are to pray “with the help” of the Holy Spirit.
 

Here’s the second “maintenance check”…

Lesson

2. Spirit led prayer

So how’s your prayer life?
The apostle John told us that if we ask anything according to God’s will, God will give us what we’re asking for (1John 5:14-15).
(1 John 5:14–15 NKJV) —14 Now this is the confidence that we have in Him, that if we ask anything according to His will, He hears us. 15 And if we know that He hears us, whatever we ask, we know that we have the petitions that we have asked of Him.
We have the freedom to ask God for anything, at any time, but to be honest, we don’t often know what we’re supposed to be asking for when we pray.
When a village in Samaria wasn’t being particularly kind to Jesus and His disciples, James and John asked Jesus for something (you and I call that “prayer”).
(Luke 9:54–55 NKJV) —54 And when His disciples James and John saw this, they said, “Lord, do You want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them, just as Elijah did?” 55 But He turned and rebuked them, and said, “You do not know what manner of spirit you are of.

I find it interesting that Jesus used the word “spirit” here. We are to be praying in the “Holy Spirit”.

We are really not much different than James and John. 

I’ve been convicted over how I’ve been praying for some folks close to me who have been a bit rebellious against God. We may think we know what God wants to do in a situation and pray for it, but what if we are as “off” as James and John were?

We need the Holy Spirit’s help in our prayers.
(Romans 8:26–27 NLT) —26 And the Holy Spirit helps us in our weakness. For example, we don’t know what God wants us to pray for. But the Holy Spirit prays for us with groanings that cannot be expressed in words. 27 And the Father who knows all hearts knows what the Spirit is saying, for the Spirit pleads for us believers in harmony with God’s own will.
What are these “groanings that cannot be expressed in words”?

Paul may be referring to the gift of tongues.

Paul will refer to prayer in tongues as “praying with the spirit” (1Cor. 14:14-15)

(1 Corinthians 14:14–15 NKJV) —14 For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays, but my understanding is unfruitful. 15 What is the conclusion then? I will pray with the spirit, and I will also pray with the understanding. I will sing with the spirit, and I will also sing with the understanding.

It may simply be an inner nudge you get while you are praying. 

John describes Jesus as “groaning in Himself” at the tomb of Lazarus.

(John 11:38–39 NKJV) —38 Then Jesus, again groaning in Himself, came to the tomb. It was a cave, and a stone lay against it. 39 Jesus said, “Take away the stone.” Martha, the sister of him who was dead, said to Him, “Lord, by this time there is a stench, for he has been dead four days.”

The point is that we want to learn how to yield to the leading of the Spirit as we pray … as best as we can.

I find that as I pray for a particular thing over time, my request may change a bit. I may realize I’m just a little off in what I’m praying for. I may be praying for a marriage to be restored, but God wants me to pray that hearts will change first. So I change what I’m asking for. I try to be open to the Spirit’s leading.

Here’s the third “maintenance check”…

Lesson

3. Don’t miss the holiness

Jude was concerned about the false teachers and their lack of holiness.
(Jude 18 NKJV) … who would walk according to their own ungodly lusts.
And so Jude has not been too subtle in reminding us of the importance of “holiness”.
We are to build ourselves on our “most holy” faith.
We are to pray in the “Holy” Spirit.
Sometimes we lose sight of the fact that our name for the Spirit of God is the “Holy Spirit”, not because “Holy” is His first name.  It’s what He is.
The Spirit is “holy” – He is “set apart”, different from every other “spirit”. He is pure.
I often wonder what Paul was thinking when he first met a group of “disciples” in Ephesus.  He seemed to know that something was “off” with them.

(Acts 19:2 NKJV) he said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” So they said to him, “We have not so much as heard whether there is a Holy Spirit.”

Underline that word “Holy”.

I used to read that last part with Goofy’s voice, as if these fellows were some uneducated backwoods hicks.

But I wonder if somehow Paul sensed a lack of holiness in their lives.

They didn’t realize that a relationship with God involved Him making us more “holy”. Paul then prayed for them, and they were baptized in the Holy Spirit.

Our faith, the body of teachings that we hold to be true, is “most holy”.
The Spirit, who helps us pray, is also “Holy”.
Be sure that both your beliefs and your prayers are directing you more and more into purity.
Paul wrote,

(Galatians 5:16 NKJV) I say then: Walk in the Spirit, and you shall not fulfill the lust of the flesh.

John wrote,

(1 John 1:5–7 NKJV) —5 This is the message which we have heard from Him and declare to you, that God is light and in Him is no darkness at all. 6 If we say that we have fellowship with Him, and walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. 7 But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin.

Fellowship is one of the ways that God helps us grow in holiness.

(Hebrews 3:12–13 NKJV) —12 Beware, brethren, lest there be in any of you an evil heart of unbelief in departing from the living God; 13 but exhort one another daily, while it is called “Today,” lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin.

:21 keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life.

:21 keep yourselves in the love of God

This is the phrase that first drew me to teach on this passage for tonight.

keeptereo – to cause a state, condition, or activity to continue, keep, hold, preserve

As far as grammar is concerned, this is NOT a participle, it’s an imperative, a command. I will link all these grammar issues in a minute.
Jude doesn’t tell us to “get into” the love of God.  He simply commands us to stay there.

Here’s the fourth “maintenance check”…

Lesson

4. Find the right love

We can get ourselves into trouble when we are looking for “love” in all the wrong places.
Some of us are longing for our spouse to “love” us the way we think we need to be loved.

We might do all sorts of things to try and get them to “love us”, when the love we need to satisfy that deepest need is God’s love.

Some of us have a parent that is/was hard to please.

Even as adults we can find ourselves trying to find dad’s approval.  I’ve known people who are trying to find their dad’s approval even after they have passed.

Some single folks are willing to cross all sorts of lines and ignore all the warnings from God, just to get somebody they are attracted to in order to notice them or spend time with them.
The love we need is God’s love.
It’s that old, old truth, “Jesus loves me, this I know, for the Bible tells me so”
I think there are times where we “feel” like we’ve moved outside of God’s love.
The problem Jude is addressing is that we sometimes seem “forget” where we are. We forget how vast and deep God’s love for us is.
The church in Ephesus was a good church. They were careful about their doctrine. They did good works.

(Revelation 2:2–3 NKJV) —2 “I know your works, your labor, your patience, and that you cannot bear those who are evil. And you have tested those who say they are apostles and are not, and have found them liars; 3 and you have persevered and have patience, and have labored for My name’s sake and have not become weary.

But Jesus saw they had a problem. 

(Revelation 2:4–5 NKJV) —4 Nevertheless I have this against you, that you have left your first love. 5 Remember therefore from where you have fallen; repent and do the first works…

They had drifted away from the love of God.

Jesus encourages the church to think back to that love they once knew.

He encouraged them to turn around and “do the first works”.

There is a connection between God’s love and our obedience.
Jesus said,

(John 14:21 NKJV) He who has My commandments and keeps them, it is he who loves Me. And he who loves Me will be loved by My Father, and I will love him and manifest Myself to him.”

Does this mean that God only loves us when we are “good” or “obey” Him?

No. But looking at my obedience is a good litmus test to measure if my love for God is real.

Part of that obedience is how we treat others.

(1 John 4:20–21 NKJV) —20 If someone says, “I love God,” and hates his brother, he is a liar; for he who does not love his brother whom he has seen, how can he love God whom he has not seen? 21 And this commandment we have from Him: that he who loves God must love his brother also.

Are we really “in the love of God” if we hate our brother?

Illustration
Garbage Truck
Someone wrote…One day I hopped in a taxi and we took off for the airport. We were driving in the right lane when suddenly a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. 
My taxi driver slammed on his brakes, skidded, and missed the other car by just inches!  The driver of the other car whipped his head around and started yelling at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. And I mean, he was really friendly.
So I asked, “Why did you just do that?  That guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!”
This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call, “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”
He explained that many people are like garbage trucks.  They run around full of garbage—frustration, anger, disappointment.  As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it and sometimes they’ll dump it on you. 
Don’t take it personally. Just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. 
Don’t take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets.
The bottom line is that successful people do not let garbage trucks take over their day.  Love the people who treat you right. Pray for the ones who don’t.

How can I learn to do that?

Perhaps it’s all about how connected I am to God’s love for me.

Is it possible to get outside the love of God?
Theologically, it is not possible.

(Romans 8:38–39 NKJV) —38 For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come, 39 nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

The problem is not with whether God loves us.  He does.

Illustration:
The Amazon River is the largest river in the world. There is enough water to exceed the combined flow of the Yangtze, Mississippi and Nile Rivers. The mouth is 100 miles across. So much water comes from the Amazon (this picture is from about 450 miles up) that they can detect its currents 200 miles out in the Atlantic Ocean.’ One irony of ancient navigation is that sailors in ancient times died for lack of fresh water... caught in windless waters of the South Atlantic.’ They were adrift, helpless, dying of thirst. Sometimes other ships from South America who knew the area would come alongside and call out, ‘What is your problem?” And they would exclaim, “Can you spare us some water? Our sailors are dying of thirst!” And from the other ship would come the cry, “Just lower your buckets. You are in the mouth of the mighty Amazon River.”

You my friends are already in the love of God. Just lower your buckets and drink.

Keep yourselves in the love of God
Illustration

Ernest Hemingway wrote a story about a father and his teenage son. In the story, the relationship had become somewhat strained, and the teenage son ran away from home. His father began a journey in search of that rebellious son.

Finally, in Madrid, Spain, in a last desperate attempt to find the boy, the father put an ad in the local newspaper. The ad read: ‘Dear Paco, Meet me in front of the newspaper office at noon. All is forgiven. I love you. Your father.’ The next day, in front of the newspaper office, eight hundred Pacos showed up. They were all seeking forgiveness. They were all seeking the love of their father.

May I make a suggestion?
I’d like to suggest that you indeed have a need to be loved. I believe God designed you that way. But the love you are looking for is the love of God.

His love is the only thing that can fill that hole in your heart that you are trying to cram things into.

In his email devotional dated 4/28/26, Greg Laurie wrote,

One of the first things I remember taking place when I committed my life to Jesus Christ was the erosion of bitterness and anger in my heart and the growth of a love I had not known before. That surprised me because that bitterness and anger had been constant companions of mine. I had nurtured them for longer than I could remember. But such is the power of God and His love.

Do you remember experiencing God’s love for the first time?

That was always one of the trademarks of Calvary Chapel in the early days – the people’s love for God and their love for one another.

We used to sing songs like, “and they’ll know we are Christians by our love, by our love, yes they’ll know we are Christians by our love”

Love Song:  Love Song

Love Song:  Feel the Love

Calvary Chapel Bulletin:

Calvary Chapel is a fellowship of believers in the Lordship of Jesus Christ. Our supreme desire is to know Christ and be conformed into His image by the power of the Holy Spirit. We are not a denominational church. We are not opposed to denominations as such only their over-emphasis of doctrinal differences that have led to the division of the body of Christ. We believe that the only true basis of Christian fellowship is His (agape) love which is greater than any differences we possess and without which we have no right to claim ourselves as Christians.

 

Let me stop before our final phrase and connect the dots of Greek grammar.

Our text contains four phrases built on four verbs.

The first two were participles (think of words ending in -ing), the third was an imperative (command), and the last will be another participle.
We understand “commands”, like our main verb “keep yourselves”, but we often overlook what the participles are doing.

Greek participles can carry some interesting nuances to them, and here’s how I see them affect our study.

The first two participles (building, praying) convey “means”, or “how” the command of the main verb (keep) can be accomplished.
Do you want to know “how” to keep yourselves in the love of God?

Reading and studying God’s word, as well as growing deeper in prayer and more dependent upon the Holy Spirit – these are how we “stay” in the center of that Amazon River of God’s love.

One commentator, Herbert Bateman translates our phrases like this,

“20But you beloved, by building yourselves in your most holy faith and by praying in the Holy Spirit, 21keep yourselves in God’s love…”

The last participle (“looking for”) is the “result” of keeping ourselves in God’s love.

God’s Word and prayer are how we “keep ourselves in God’s love”, and that results in hope…

 

:21 looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life

When we are secure in God’s love, we have a secure hope. We can be confident that we will find His mercy on that day we see Him face to face.

looking forprosdechomai (“toward” + “receive”) – welcome, to look forward to, to wait for

The word is used several times to talk about people who were “waiting for the kingdom of God”.
Like Joseph of Arimathea …
(Mark 15:43 NKJV) Joseph of Arimathea, a prominent council member, who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God…
and Simeon (Luke 2:25)

(Luke 2:25 NKJV) And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon, and this man was just and devout, waiting for the Consolation of Israel, and the Holy Spirit was upon him.

and Anna (Luke 2:38)

(Luke 2:38 NKJV) And coming in that instant she gave thanks to the Lord, and spoke of Him to all those who looked for redemption in Jerusalem.

Paul uses the same word to talk about how we should be …
(Titus 2:13 NKJV) looking for the blessed hope and glorious appearing of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ,

We are waiting for, expecting heaven.

Are you looking forward to Jesus coming back, or are you a little afraid of what might happen?

We are looking forward to God showing us “mercy” unto eternal life.

We call this “hope”.

We have “hope” that one day we too will be in heaven with Jesus.
We have hope that one day all this mess we live in will be over.
Jude says we should be looking for and expecting something in particular – “mercy”, the mercy that stretches into eternal life.

mercyeleos – kindness or concern expressed for someone in need, compassion

We often talk about “mercy” involving us NOT getting what we deserve (ie judgment).
But it carries just a little more to it than that.
The cry for “mercy” comes from someone who has a need, someone who is looking for God to do something compassionate for them.

The person showing “mercy” is doing something to meet another person’s need.

The word “alms” in the Bible is based on the word for “mercy”.
That beggar in the Bible asking for “alms” is literally asking for “mercy”.
The man with the epileptic son cried out to Jesus,
(Matthew 17:15 NKJV) “Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is an epileptic and suffers severely; for he often falls into the fire and often into the water.
The ten lepers cried out,
(Luke 17:13 NKJV) And they lifted up their voices and said, “Jesus, Master, have mercy on us!”
Blind Bartimaeus …
(Luke 18:38 NKJV) And he cried out, saying, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!”

He wasn’t asking Jesus to withhold judgment, he was asking Jesus to heal his eyes.

Here’s the last “maintenance check”…

Lesson

5. Expect mercy

We too have great needs, starting with our great need for forgiveness and cleansing.  Paul wrote,
(Titus 3:5 NKJV) not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to His mercy He saved us, through the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit,

Have you found God’s forgiveness?

Jesus died on a cross to pay for your sins so He could offer you God’s cleansing and forgiveness.

You will not find it by cleaning yourself up, but by asking for God’s mercy.

Are you like one of those sailors lost at sea, dying of thirst?

God loves you and you need to open your heart to Him. Ask for His mercy.

The Bible says,

(John 1:12 NKJV) But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name:

When you open your heart to Jesus, you will find yourself “in the love of God” like that Amazon River.
And God wants you to be so confident in what He’s done for you, that you can “expect” mercy.
 
Some of you may have experienced some disappointment in life.
Even after choosing to follow Jesus, things haven’t turned out the way you expected.
You may have been “hoping for mercy”, but life isn’t too merciful.
 
Illustration
There’s a story about an old missionary couple coming home from spending years in Africa. They were booked on the same ship as President Teddy Roosevelt who was returning from a successful big-game safari. As the ship pulled into the harbor, the crowds were lining the docks to cheer on the President. But nobody was waiting or cheering for the missionaries.
That night the man was so depressed that nobody seemed to care about how they had spent their life. The man’s wife said, “Why don’t you go in the bedroom and tell that to the Lord?” A short time later he came out from the bedroom, but now his face was completely different. His wife asked, “Dear, what happened?” “The Lord settled it with me,” he said. “I told him how bitter I was that the President should receive this tremendous homecoming, when no one met us as we returned home. And when I finished, it seemed as though the Lord put his hand on my shoulder and simply said, ‘But you’re not home yet!’”—

-- Ray Stedman, Talking to My Father

 
Tonight’s maintenance check looks like this:

1. Build with the Word

2. Spirit led prayer

3. Don’t miss the holiness

4. Find the right love

5. Expect mercy

 
 
In the next two verses Jude hints that if we are truly “looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ”, then it should affect how we treat others as well…
(Jude 22–23 NLT) —22 And you must show mercy to those whose faith is wavering. 23 Rescue others by snatching them from the flames of judgment. Show mercy to still others, but do so with great caution, hating the sins that contaminate their lives.

The problem is, sometimes the things we think are “merciful” aren’t really…

Illustration

No Rest For The Weary

A pastor was walking down a country lane and sees a young farmer struggling to load hay back onto a wagon after it had fallen off.  “You look hot, my son,” said the minister. “why don’t you rest a moment, and I’ll give you a hand.”  “No thanks,” said the young man. “My father wouldn’t like it.”  “Don’t be silly,” the Pastor said. “Everyone is entitled to a break. Come, sit down and have a drink of water.”  Again the young man protested that his father would be upset. Losing his patience, the clergyman said, “Your father must be a real slave driver.  Tell me where I can find him and I’ll give him a piece of my mind for working you so hard!”  “Well,” replied the young farmer, “he’s under this load of hay.”

Believers, if we are truly looking forward to God’s mercy, we need to also allow that mercy to affect how we treat others, including those under that load of hay, who might be affected by the false teachers.

In Jesus’ day, there were few people hated more than the tax collectors. These were Jewish men who worked for the evil Roman empire. They were considered traitors. They were greedy men who cheated their own people. They were “sinners”.
(Luke 19:1–10 NKJV) —1 Then Jesus entered and passed through Jericho. 2 Now behold, there was a man named Zacchaeus who was a chief tax collector, and he was rich. 3 And he sought to see who Jesus was, but could not because of the crowd, for he was of short stature. 4 So he ran ahead and climbed up into a sycamore tree to see Him, for He was going to pass that way. 5 And when Jesus came to the place, He looked up and saw him, and said to him, “Zacchaeus, make haste and come down, for today I must stay at your house.” 6 So he made haste and came down, and received Him joyfully. 7 But when they saw it, they all complained, saying, “He has gone to be a guest with a man who is a sinner.” 8 Then Zacchaeus stood and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord, I give half of my goods to the poor; and if I have taken anything from anyone by false accusation, I restore fourfold.” 9 And Jesus said to him, “Today salvation has come to this house, because he also is a son of Abraham; 10 for the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost.”

I know you don’t see the word “mercy” in this passage, but it’s there. Zacchaeus has a need to know God. He has a need to be loved. And Jesus has done both.

So how did Zacchaeus respond to this “mercy”?

He gave half of his wealth to the poor.  He promised to repay anything he’d taken wrongly from others.

Are you lost? Jesus has come to save you.

(Matthew 5:7 NKJV) Blessed are the merciful, For they shall obtain mercy.

Sometimes we blow it, we stumble, and we get caught in sin.
I don’t know about you, but I am so thankful for God’s mercy.
But then we can turn around and become harsh or critical to others who stumble.

I like God and others being merciful towards me with my sin, but I might not be as kind towards you.

“My sin doesn’t look so good on you…”

(Matthew 7:1–5 NKJV) —1 “Judge not, that you be not judged. 2 For with what judgment you judge, you will be judged; and with the measure you use, it will be measured back to you. 3 And why do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye, but do not consider the plank in your own eye? 4 Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Let me remove the speck from your eye’; and look, a plank is in your own eye? 5 Hypocrite! First remove the plank from your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye.

Herbert Bateman translates our passage as this:

20But you beloved, by building yourselves in your most holy faith and by praying in the Holy Spirit, 21keep yourselves in God’s love, while waiting for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ that brings eternal life.[3]

Summarized from Wallace on participles.

These three participles would be classed as “adverbial” participles, giving definition to the main verb (keep yourselves…). All are in the nominative case, which point to this.  There are eight possible ways to interpret these, and context is the main deciding factor.

1.     temporal” (present participles – “while doing this…”)
All three participles could fall into this category, all being present tense, all three showing that their understanding occurs at the same time as the main verb (keep yourselves), so all could be translated “while doing this…”
(Bateman) LGCGNT: As a present temporal participle, προσδεχόμενοι (“looking for”) introduces a contemporaneous participle whose action occurs simultaneously with τηρήσατε (“keep”). So, Jude expects believers to make it a habit in preserving themselves in God’s love while anticipating the return of the Lord Jesus, who is the Christ (cf. v. 25).[4]
2. “manner” – the manner in which the finite verb is carried out (by doing this…) (answers the question “how”) – but this is rare
3. “means” (answers the question “how”) “by” or “by means of”, it usually follows the verb, but not always (this could be the first two)
(Bateman) LGCGNT: As a participle of means, ἐποικοδομοῦντες indicates how the action of τηρήσατε (“keep”) in verse 21a is achieved and thereby identifies the first of two ways Judean believers are to keep themselves pure, namely, by building up each other. So, unlike the ungodly mockers who divide, believers are to foster a sense of comradery.[5]
(Bateman) LGCGNT: As a participle of means, προσευχόμενοι also indicates how the action of τηρήσατε (“keep”) in verse 21a is achieved and thereby identifies a second way Judean believers are to keep themselves pure, namely, “by praying.” So, unlike the ungodly mockers who follow natural instincts, believers are to pray in keeping with the Spirit of God.[6]
4. “cause”, “because…”. Answers the question “why”, normally precedes the verb (perhaps the first two participles?)
5. “condition” – “if” – “If you are building yourselves on your most holy faith, if you are praying in the Holy Spirit, then keep yourselves in the love of God…”
6. “concession” – doesn’t quite fit
7. “Purpose” – the participles are the purpose or reason we must keep ourselves in the love of God. This answers the question “why”. This participle follows the main verb (could be the final participle.). Shows “intention” of main verb.
8. “Result” – this is the actual result of the main verb. Will be present tense and follow the main verb (participle #3 might fit this).
 

 

 

 

 



[1] Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 558). Victor Books.

[2] Wallace, D. B. (1996). Greek Grammar beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament (p. 372). Zondervan.

[3] Bateman, H. W., IV. (2026). Jude (H. W. Bateman IV, Ed.; p. 79). Logos Bible Software.

[4] Bateman, H. W., IV. (2026). Jude (H. W. Bateman IV, Ed.; p. 75). Logos Bible Software.

[5] Bateman, H. W., IV. (2026). Jude (H. W. Bateman IV, Ed.; p. 74). Logos Bible Software.

[6] Bateman, H. W., IV. (2026). Jude (H. W. Bateman IV, Ed.; p. 74). Logos Bible Software.